Composition containing refrigerant, use of same, refrigerator having same, and method for operating said refrigerator

ABSTRACT

An object is to provide a novel low-GWP mixed refrigerant. 
     Provided as a means for a solution is a composition comprising a refrigerant, the refrigerant comprising trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), difluoromethane (R32), 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234ze), and carbon dioxide.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to a composition comprising a refrigerant, use of the composition, a refrigerating machine comprising the composition, and a method for operating the refrigerating machine.

BACKGROUND ART

R410A is currently used as an air conditioning refrigerant for home air conditioners etc. R410A is a two-component mixed refrigerant of difluoromethane (CH₂F₂: HFC-32 or R32) and pentafluoroethane (C₂HF₅: HFC-125 or R125), and is a pseudo-azeotropic composition.

However, the global warming potential (GWP) of R410A is 2088. Due to growing concerns about global warming, R32, which has a GWP of 675, has been increasingly used.

For this reason, various low-GWP mixed refrigerants that can replace R410A have been proposed (PTL 1).

CITATION LIST Patent Literature

PTL 1: WO2015/141678

SUMMARY

A composition comprising a refrigerant, the refrigerant comprising trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), difluoromethane (R32), 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234ze), and carbon dioxide (CO₂).

Advantageous Effects

The refrigerant according to the present disclosure has a low GWP.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus used in a flammability test.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing points L, L′, M, N, O, K, J″, J′, I″, I′, H′, and H, and line segments that connect these points in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234ze is 100 mass %.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing points L, L′, M, N, O, K, and H, and line segments that connect these points in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234ze is 100 mass %.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing points L, L′, M, N, O, K, and H, and line segments that connect these points in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234ze is 99.6 mass % (CO₂ is present in an amount of 0.4 mass %).

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing points L, L′, M, N, O, K′, and H, and line segments that connect these points in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234ze is 99.0 mass % (CO₂ is present in an amount of 1.0 mass %).

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing points L, L′, M, N, O, K′, and H, and line segments that connect these points in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234ze is 98.0 mass % (CO₂ is present in an amount of 2.0 mass %).

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing points L, L′, M, N, O, K′, and H, and line segments that connect these points in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234ze is 97.0 mass % (CO₂ is present in an amount of 3.0 mass %).

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing points L, L′, M, N, O, K, and H, and line segments that connect these points in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234ze is 96.0 mass % (CO₂ is present in an amount of 4.0 mass %).

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing points L, L′, M, N, O, K, and H, and line segments that connect these points in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234ze is 95.0 mass % (CO₂ is present in an amount of 5.0 mass %).

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing points L, L′, M, N, O, K, and H, and line segments that connect these points in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132 (E), R32, and R1234ze is 94.5 mass % (CO₂ is present in an amount of 5.5 mass %).

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing points L, L′, M, N, O, K, and H, and line segments that connect these points in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234ze is 92.5 mass % (CO₂ is present in an amount of 7.5 mass %).

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing points L_(r), L′_(r), M_(r), N_(r), O_(r), B″_(r), K′_(r), and H_(r), and line segments that connect these points in a ternary composition diagram having HFO-1132(E) as a first vertex, R32 as a second vertex, and the sum of 1234ze and R1234yf as a third vertex in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, and R1234yf is 100 mass %.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing points L_(r), L′_(r), M_(r), N_(r), O_(r), B″_(r), K′_(r), and H_(r), and line segments that connect these points in a ternary composition diagram having HFO-1132(E) as a first vertex, R32 as a second vertex, and the sum of 1234ze and R1234yf as a third vertex in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, and R1234yf is 99.6 mass %.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing points L_(r), L′_(r), M_(r), N_(r), O_(r), B″_(r), K′_(r), and H_(r), and line segments that connect these points in a ternary composition diagram having HFO-1132(E) as a first vertex, R32 as a second vertex, and the sum of 1234ze and R1234yf as a third vertex in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, and R1234yf is 99.0 mass %.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing points L_(r), L′_(r), M_(r), N_(r), O_(r), B″_(r), K′_(r), and H_(r), and line segments that connect these points in a ternary composition diagram having HFO-1132(E) as a first vertex, R32 as a second vertex, and the sum of 1234ze and R1234yf as a third vertex in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, and R1234yf is 98.0 mass %.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing points L_(r), L′_(r), M_(r), N_(r), O_(r), B″_(r), K′_(r), and H_(r), and line segments that connect these points in a ternary composition diagram having HFO-1132(E) as a first vertex, R32 as a second vertex, and the sum of 1234ze and R1234yf as a third vertex in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, and R1234yf is 97.0 mass %.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing points L_(r), L′_(r), M_(r), N_(r), O_(r), B″_(r), K′_(r), and H_(r), and line segments that connect these points in a ternary composition diagram having HFO-1132(E) as a first vertex, R32 as a second vertex, and the sum of 1234ze and R1234yf as a third vertex in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, and R1234yf is 96.0 mass %.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing points L_(r), L′_(r), M_(r), N_(r), O_(r), B″_(r), K′_(r), and H_(r), and line segments that connect these points in a ternary composition diagram having HFO-1132(E) as a first vertex, R32 as a second vertex, and the sum of 1234ze and R1234yf as a third vertex in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, and R1234yf is 95.0 mass %.

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing points L_(r), L′_(r), M_(r), N_(r), O_(r), B″_(r), K′_(r), and H_(r), and line segments that connect these points in a ternary composition diagram having HFO-1132(E) as a first vertex, R32 as a second vertex, and the sum of 1234ze and R1234yf as a third vertex in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, and R1234yf is 94.0 mass %.

FIG. 20 is a diagram showing points L_(r), L′_(r), M_(r), N_(r), O_(r), B″_(r), K′_(r), and H_(r), and line segments that connect these points in a ternary composition diagram having HFO-1132(E) as a first vertex, R32 as a second vertex, and the sum of 1234ze and R1234yf as a third vertex in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, and R1234yf is 92.5 mass %.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

The present inventors conducted intensive studies to solve the above problem, and consequently found that a mixed refrigerant comprising trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), difluoromethane (R32), 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234ze), and carbon dioxide (CO₂) has the above properties.

The present disclosure has been completed as a result of further research based on this finding. The present disclosure includes the following embodiments.

Definition of Terms

In the present specification, the term “refrigerant” includes at least compounds that are specified in ISO 817 (International Organization for Standardization), and that are given a refrigerant number (ASHRAE number) representing the type of refrigerant with “R” at the beginning; and further includes refrigerants that have properties equivalent to those of such refrigerants, even though a refrigerant number is not yet given. Refrigerants are broadly divided into fluorocarbon compounds and non-fluorocarbon compounds in terms of the structure of the compounds. Fluorocarbon compounds include chlorofluorocarbons (CFC), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFC), and hydrofluorocarbons (HFC). Non-fluorocarbon compounds include propane (R290), propylene (R1270), butane (R600), isobutane (R600a), carbon dioxide (R744), ammonia (R717), and the like.

In the present specification, the phrase “composition comprising a refrigerant” at least includes (1) a refrigerant itself (including a mixture of refrigerants), (2) a composition that further comprises one or more other components and that can be mixed with at least a refrigeration oil to obtain a working fluid for a refrigerating machine, and (3) a working fluid for a refrigerating machine containing a refrigeration oil. In the present specification, of these three embodiments, the composition (2) is referred to as a “refrigerant composition” so as to distinguish it from a refrigerant itself (including a mixture of refrigerants). Further, the working fluid for a refrigerating machine (3) is referred to as a “refrigeration oil-containing working fluid” so as to distinguish it from the “refrigerant composition.”

In the present specification, when the term “alternative” is used in a context in which the first refrigerant is replaced with the second refrigerant, the first type of “alternative” means that equipment designed for operation using the first refrigerant can be operated using the second refrigerant under optimum conditions, optionally with changes of only a few parts (at least one of the following: refrigeration oil, gasket, packing, expansion valve, dryer, and other parts) and equipment adjustment. In other words, this type of alternative means that the same equipment is operated with an alternative refrigerant. Embodiments of this type of “alternative” include “drop-in alternative,” “nearly drop-in alternative,” and “retrofit,” in the order in which the extent of changes and adjustment necessary for replacing the first refrigerant with the second refrigerant is smaller.

The term “alternative” also includes a second type of “alternative,” which means that equipment designed for operation using the second refrigerant is operated for the same use as the existing use with the first refrigerant by using the second refrigerant. This type of alternative means that the same use is achieved with an alternative refrigerant.

In the present specification, the term “refrigerating machine” refers to machines in general that draw heat from an object or space to make its temperature lower than the temperature of ambient air, and maintain a low temperature. In other words, refrigerating machines refer to conversion machines that gain energy from the outside to do work, and that perform energy conversion, in order to transfer heat from where the temperature is lower to where the temperature is higher.

In the present specification, a refrigerant having a “WCF lower flammability” means that the most flammable composition (worst case of formulation for flammability: WCF) has a burning velocity of 10 cm/s or less according to the US ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2013.

1. Refrigerant 1.1 Refrigerant Component

The refrigerant according to the present disclosure comprises trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), difluoromethane (R32), 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf), and carbon dioxide (CO₂).

The refrigerant according to the present disclosure has a low GWP.

The refrigerant is preferably as follows: in the refrigerant, when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, and CO₂ based on their sum is respectively represented by x, y, z, and a,

(1) if 0<a≤0.4, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234ze is (100−a) mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines LL′, L′M, MN, NO, OK, KH, and HL that connect 7 points, i.e., points L, L′, M, N, O, K, and H, or on the straight lines LL′, L′M, MN, NO, OK, and KH (excluding the points L and H):

point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point O (−0.0095a+28.914, 0.0095a+51.586, −a+19.5), point K (−2.5a+1.0, −0.25a+51.5, 1.75a+47.5), and point H (0.1667a²−4.5667a+67.6, 0.0, −0.1667a²+3.5667a+32.4),

(2) if 0.4≤a≤7.5, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagram are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines LL′, L′M, MN, NO, OB″, B″K′, K′H, and HL that connect 8 points, i.e., points L, L′, M, N, O, B″, K′, and H, or on the straight lines LL′, L′M, MN, NO, OB″, and K′H (excluding the points L, B″, K′, and H), and

if 0.4≤a≤1.0, the 8 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point O (−0.0095a+28.914, 0.0095a+51.586, −a+19.5), point B″ (0.0, 51.4, −a+48.6), point K′ (0.0, −3.0a+52.6, 2.0a+47.4), and point H (0.1667a²−4.5667a+67.6, 0.0, −0.1667a²+3.5667a+32.4), if 1.0<a≤3.0, the 8 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+36.679, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point O (−0.0095a+28.914, 0.0095a+51.586, −a+19.5), point B″ (0.0, 51.4, −a+48.6), point K′ (0, −2.9a+52.5, 1.9a+47.5), and point H (0.05a²−4.55a+67.7, 0.0, −0.05a²+3.55a+32.3), if 3.0<a≤5.0, the 8 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point O (−0.0095a+28.914, 0.0095a+51.586, −a+19.5), point B″ (0.0, 51.4, −a+48.6), point K′ (0, −2.9a+52.5, 1.9a+47.5), and point H (0.05a²−4.55a+67.7, 0.0, −0.05a²+3.55a+32.3), or if 5.0<a≤7.5, the 8 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point O (−0.0095a+28.914, 0.0095a+51.586, −a+19.5), point B″ (0.0, 51.4, −a+48.6), point K′ (0, −2.8286a+52.105, 1.8286a+47.895), and point H (0.02a²−4.21a+66.75, 0.0, −0.02a²+3.21a+33.25).

In this case, the refrigerant according to the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity of 80% or more relative to that of R410A and a GWP of 350 or less, and is classified under the category of WCF lower flammability.

The refrigerant is preferably as follows: in the refrigerant, when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, and CO₂ based on their sum is respectively represented by x, y, z, and a,

(1) if 0<a≤5.5, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234ze is (100−a) mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines LL′, L′M, MN, NJ, JH, and HL that connect 6 points, points L, L′, M, N, J, and H, or on the straight lines LL′, L′M, MN, NJ, and JH (excluding the points L and H), and

if 0<a≤1.0, the 6 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point J (−0.3333a²−3.3667a+20.3, 36.6, 0.3333a²+2.3667a+43), and point H (0.1667a²−4.5667a+67.6, 0.0, −0.1667a²+3.5667a+32.4), if 1.0<a≤3.0, the 6 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point J (0.05a²−3.95a+20.5, 0.05a²−0.25a+36.8, −0.1a²+3.2a+42.7), and point H (0.05a²−4.55a+67.7, 0.0, −0.05a²+3.55a+32.3), if 3.0<a≤5.0, the 6 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point J (0.05a²−4.05a+20.8, 36.5, −0.05a²+3.05a+42.7), and point H (0.05a²−4.55a+67.7, 0.0, −0.05a²+3.55a+32.3), or if 5.0<a≤5.5, the 6 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point J (−3.6a+19.8, 36.5, 2.6a+43.7), and point H (0.02a²−4.21a+66.75, 0.0, −0.02a²+3.21a+33.25),

(2) if 5.5<a≤7.5, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagram are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines LL′, L′M, MN, NB′, B′K′, K′H, and HL that connect 7 points, i.e., points L, L′, M, N, B′, K′, and H, or on the straight lines LL′, L′M, MN, NB′, K′H, and HL (excluding the points L, B′, K′, and H):

point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point B′ (0.0, 36.5, −a+63.5), point K′ (0.0, −2.8286a+52.105, 1.8281a+47.895), and point H (0.02a²−4.21a+66.75, 0.0, −0.02a²+3.21a+33.25).

In this case, the refrigerant according to the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity of 80% or more relative to that of R410A and a GWP of 250 or less, and is classified under the category of WCF lower flammability.

The refrigerant is preferably as follows: in the refrigerant, when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, and CO₂ based on their sum is respectively represented by x, y, z, and a,

coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132 (E), R32, and R1234ze is (100−a) mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines LL′, L′M, MI, IH, and HL that connect 5 points, i.e., points L, L′, M, I, and H, or on the straight lines LL′, L′M, MI, and IH (excluding the points L and H), and

if 0<a≤1.0, the 5 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point I (−0.1667a²−3.9333a+44.2, 18.1, 0.1667a²+2.9333a+37.7), and point H (0.1667a²−4.5667a+67.6, 0.0, −0.1667a²+3.5667a+32.4), if 1.0<a≤3.0, the 5 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point I (0.05a²−4.25a+44.3, 18.1, −0.05a²+3.25a+37.6), and point H (0.05a²−4.55a+67.7, 0.0, −0.05a²+3.55a+32.3), if 3.0<a≤5.0, the 5 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point I (−0.05a²−3.45a+42.8, 0.05a²−0.45a+19.0, 2.9a+38.2), and point H (0.05a²−4.55a+67.7, 0.0, −0.05a²+3.55a+32.3), or if 5.0<a≤7.5, the 5 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point I (0.1a²−4.85a+46.05, −0.02a²+0.21a+17.45, −0.08a²+3.64a+36.5), and point H (0.02a²−4.21a+66.75, 0.0, −0.02a²+3.21a+33.25).

In this case, the refrigerant according to the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity of 80% or more relative to that of R410A and a GWP of 125 or less, and is classified under the category of WCF lower flammability.

The refrigerant according to the present disclosure may further comprise 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf).

When the refrigerant according to the present disclosure further comprises R1234yf, the refrigerant is preferably as follows: when the mass % of HFO-1132(E) is x, the mass % of R32 is y, the mass % of the sum of R1234ze and R1234yf is z, and the mass % of CO₂ is a based on the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, R1234yf, and CO₂,

if r=R1234yf/(R1234ze+R1234yf), and 0.1<r<1.0, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram having HFO-1132(E) as a first vertex, R32 as a second vertex, and the sum of 1234ze and R1234yf as a third vertex in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, and R1234yf is (100−a) mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines L_(r)L′_(r), L′_(r)M_(r), M_(r)N_(r), N_(r)O_(r), O_(r)B″_(r), B″_(r)K′_(r), K′_(r)H_(r), and H_(r)L_(r) that connect 8 points, i.e., points L_(r), L′_(r), M_(r), N_(r), O_(r), B″_(r), K′_(r), and H_(r), or on the straight lines L_(r)L′_(r), L′_(r)M_(r), M_(r)N_(r), N_(r)O_(r), O_(r)B″_(r), and K′_(r)H_(r) (excluding the points L_(r), B″_(r), K′_(r), and H_(r)), and

if 0<a≤1.0, the 8 points are the following: point L_(r) (72.0, 0.0, 28.0−a), point L′_(r) (57.2, 10.0, 32.8−a), point M_(r) (48.6, −0.2778r²+0.4167r+18.061, 51.4−a−y), point N_(r) (35.7, −0.2778r²+0.4167r+36.661, 51.4−a−y), point O_(r) (28.9, −0.2222r²−0.1333r+51.611, 71.1−a−y), point B″_(r) (0.0, (0.463a²−0.1852a−0.2778)r²+(−0.6945a²+0.2778a+0.4167)r+(0.2317a²−0.0927a+51.361), 51.4−a−y), point K′_(r) (0.0, (0.3705a²−0.1482a−0.6667)r²+(−0.2217a²+0.0887a−11.6)r+(0.0183a²−3.0073a+52.567), 100−a−y), and point H_(r) ((2.4072a²−2.0739a−0.8889)r²+(−2.2779a²+1.5779a−8.4667)r+(0.0392a²−4.5732a+67.656), 0.0, 100−a−x), if 1.0<a≤3.0, the 8 points are the following: point L_(r) (72.0, 0.0, 28.0−a), point L′_(r) (57.2, 10.0, 32.8−a), point M_(r) (48.6, (−0.1389a²+0.6945a−0.8334)r²+(0.2084a²−1.0418a+1.2501)r+(−0.0695a²+0.3475a+17.783), 51.4−a−y), point N_(r) (35.7, −0.2778r²+0.4167r+36.661, 51.4−a−y), point O_(r) (28.9, (0.25a²−1.25a+1.2222)r²+(−0.275a²+1.375a−1.2333)r+(0.025a²−0.125a+51.711), 71.1−y−a), point B″_(r) (0.0, (0.25a²−1.0278a+0.7778)r²+(−0.275a²+1.2419a−0.9668)r+(0.075a²−0.364a+51.789), 100−a−y), point K′_(r) (0.0, (0.16667a²+0.2222a−0.8333)r²+(−0.3495a²+0.3645a−11.748)r+(0.1335a²−3.2395a+52.684), 100−a−y), and point H_(r) ((−0.25003a²+0.8613a−1.1669)r²+(0.275a²−1.3914a−8.0502)r+(0.0245a²−4.4175a+67.515), 0.0, 100−a−x), if 3.0<a≤5.0, the 8 points are the following: point L_(r) (72.0, 0.0, 28.0−a), point L′_(r) (57.2, 10.0, 32.8−a), point M_(r) (48.6, 18.2, 33.2−a), point N_(r) (35.7, (−0.1389a²+1.2501a−2.778)r²+(0.2084a²−1.8752a+4.167)r+(−0.0695a²+0.6255a+35.41), 51.4−a−y), point O_(r) (28.9, (0.1389a²−0.9723a+1.389)r²+(−0.2083a²+1.4585a−2.0845)r+(0.0695a²−0.4865a+52.395), 71.1−a−y), point B″_(r) (0.0, −0.0556r²+0.2833r+51.372, 100−a−y), point K′_(r) (0.0, (0.77775a²−6.2775a+13.166)r²+(−0.9665a²+8.0155a−29.148)r+(0.189a²−4.54a+56.086), 100−a−y), and point H_(r) ((−0.72215a²+6.3327a−13.332)r²+(0.6835a²−6.3015a+3.003)r+(0.039a²−4.434a+67.434), 0.0, 100−x−a), or if 5.0<a≤7.5, the 8 points are the following: point L_(r) (72.0, 0.0, 28.0−a), point L′_(r) (57.2, 10.0, 32.8−a), point M_(r) (48.6, (0.0592a²−0.6512a+1.776)r²+(−0.0355a²+0.3901a−1.062)r+(0.0029a²−0.0323a+18.29), 51.4−a−y), point N_(r) (35.7, 36.8, 27.5−a), point O_(r) (28.9, 51.7, 19.4−a), point B″_(r) (0.0, −0.0556r²+0.2833r+51.372, 100−a−y), point K′_(r) (0.0, (0.10373a²−0.9189a+3.2232)r2+(−0.1285a²+1.2799a−16.419)r+(0.0252a²−3.1662a+53.312), 100−a−y), and point H_(r) ((0.037a²−0.1293a−0.0008)r²+(−0.056a²+0.2a−11.017)r+(0.0719a²−4.8515a+68.7), 0.0, 100−a−x).

In this case, the refrigerant according to the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity of 80% or more relative to that of R410A and a GWP of 350 or less, and is classified under the category of WCF lower flammability.

When the refrigerant according to the present disclosure further comprises R1234yf, the refrigerant is preferably as follows: when the mass % of HFO-1132(E) is x, the mass % of R32 is y, the mass % of the sum of R1234ze and R1234yf is z, and the mass % of CO₂ is a based on the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, R1234yf, and CO₂,

if r=R1234yf/(R1234ze+R1234yf), and 0.1≤r<1.0, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram having HFO-1132(E) as a first vertex, R32 as a second vertex, and the sum of 1234ze and R1234yf as a third vertex in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, and R1234yf is (100−a) mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines L_(r)L′_(r), L′_(r)M_(r), M_(r)I_(r), I_(r)H_(r), and H_(r)L_(r) that connect 5 points, i.e., points L_(r), L′_(r), M_(r), I_(r), and H_(r), or on the straight lines L_(r)L′_(r), L′_(r)M_(r), M_(r)I_(r), and I_(r)H_(r), and

if 0<a≤1.0, the 5 points are the following: point L_(r) (72.0, 0.0, 28.0−a), point L′_(r) (57.2, 10.0, 32.8−a), point M_(r) (48.6, −0.2778r²+0.4167r+18.061, 51.4−a−y), point I_(r) ((1.1576a²−0.3243a−2.1111)r²+(−0.9a²−0.35a−10.233)r+(−0.255a²−3.828a+44.244), 100−a−x−z, (1.1572a²+0.3239a+1.8889)r²+(0.9042a²+0.3458a+10.367)r+(0.2525a²+2.8315a+37.644)), and point H_(r) ((2.4072a²−2.0739a−0.8889)r²+(−2.2779a²+1.5779a−8.4667)r+(0.0392a²−4.5732a+67.656), 0.0, 100−a−x), if 1.0<a≤3.0, the 5 points are the following: point L_(r) (72.0, 0.0, 28.0−a), point L′_(r) (57.2, 10.0, 32.8−a), point M_(r) (48.6, (−0.1389a²+0.6945a−0.8334)r²+(0.2084a²−1.0418a+1.2501)r+(−0.0695a²+0.3475a+17.783), 51.4−a−y), point I_(r) ((−0.08337a²+0.8057a−2.0001)r²+(−0.0745a²−0.6105a−10.798)r+(0.108a²−4.346a+44.399), 100−a−x−z, (0.33337a²−1.5557a+2.2779)r²+(−0.225a²+1.508a+10.334)r+(−0.033a²+3.121a+37.64)), and point H_(r) ((−0.25003a²+0.8613a−1.1669)r²+(0.275a²−1.3914a−8.0502)r+(0.0245a²−4.4175a+67.515), 0.0, 100−a−x), if 3.0<a≤5.0, the 5 points are the following: point L_(r) (72.0, 0.0, 28.0−a), point L′_(r) (57.2, 10.0, 32.8−a), point M_(r) (48.6, 18.2, 31.2−a), point I_(r) ((−0.05554a²+0.8332a−2.3331)r²+(−0.2165a²+1.2485a−15.097)r+(0.1715a²−5.2775a+46.622), 100−a−x−z, (0.0556a²−0.8329a+2.6103)r²+(0.1915a²−1.0235a+14.18)r+(−0.1715a²+4.2775a+35.417)), and point H_(r) ((−0.72215a²+6.3327a−13.332)r²+(0.6835a²−6.3015a+3.003)r+(0.039a²−4.434a+67.434), 0.0, 100−a−x), or if 5.0<a≤7.5, the 5 points are the following: point L_(r) (72.0, 0.0, 28.0−a), point L′_(r) (57.2, 10.0, 32.8−a), point M_(r) (48.6, (0.0592a²−0.6512a+1.776)r²+(−0.0355a²+0.3901a−1.062)r+(0.0029a²−0.0323a+18.29), 51.4−a−y), point I_(r) ((0.19254a²−1.8957a+5.1093)r²+(−0.3156a²+3.3386a−23.07)r+(0.1097a²−4.9961a+46.759), 100−a−x−z, (−0.0074a²−0.4187a+2.1117) r²+(0.0379a²+0.1335a+12.236) r+(−0.0571a²+3.3777a+37.055)), and point H_(r) ((0.037a²−0.1293a−0.0008)r²+(−0.056a²+0.2a−11.017)r+(0.0719a²−4.8515a+68.7), 0.0, 100−x−a).

In this case, the refrigerant according to the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity of 80% or more relative to that of R410A and a GWP of 125 or less, and is classified under the category of WCF lower flammability.

The refrigerant according to the present disclosure may further comprise other additional refrigerants in addition to HFO-1132 (E), R32, R1234ze, CO₂, and R1234yf as long as the above properties and effects are not impaired. In this respect, the refrigerant according to the present disclosure preferably comprises HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, and CO₂ in a total amount of 99.5 mass % or more, more preferably 99.75 mass % or more, and even more preferably 99.9 mass % or more, based on the entire refrigerant. Further, the refrigerant according to the present disclosure may comprise HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, CO₂, and R1234yf in a total amount of 99.5 mass % or more, 99.75 mass % or more, or 99.9 mass % or more, based on the entire refrigerant.

Such additional refrigerants are not limited, and can be selected from a wide range of refrigerants. The mixed refrigerant may comprise a single additional refrigerant, or two or more additional refrigerants.

1.2 Use

The refrigerant according to the present disclosure can be preferably used as a working fluid in a refrigerating machine.

The refrigerant according to the present disclosure is suitable for use as an alternative refrigerant for R410A.

2. Refrigerant Composition

The refrigerant composition according to the present disclosure comprises at least the refrigerant according to the present disclosure and can be used for the same use as the refrigerant according to the present disclosure. Moreover, the refrigerant composition according to the present disclosure can be further mixed with at least a refrigeration oil to thereby obtain a working fluid for a refrigerating machine.

The refrigerant composition according to the present disclosure further comprises at least one other component in addition to the refrigerant according to the present disclosure. The refrigerant composition according to the present disclosure may comprise at least one of the following other components, if necessary. As described above, when the refrigerant composition according to the present disclosure is used as a working fluid in a refrigerating machine, it is generally used as a mixture with at least a refrigeration oil. Therefore, it is preferable that the refrigerant composition according to the present disclosure does not substantially comprise a refrigeration oil. Specifically, in the refrigerant composition according to the present disclosure, the content of the refrigeration oil based on the entire refrigerant composition is preferably 0 to 1 mass %, and more preferably 0 to 0.1 mass %.

2.1 Water

The refrigerant composition according to the present disclosure may contain a small amount of water. The water content of the refrigerant composition is preferably 0.1 mass % or less based on the entire refrigerant. A small amount of water contained in the refrigerant composition stabilizes double bonds in the molecules of unsaturated fluorocarbon compounds that can be present in the refrigerant, and makes it less likely that the unsaturated fluorocarbon compounds will be oxidized, thus increasing the stability of the refrigerant composition.

2.2 Tracer

A tracer is added to the refrigerant composition according to the present disclosure at a detectable concentration such that when the refrigerant composition has been diluted, contaminated, or undergone other changes, the tracer can trace the changes.

The refrigerant composition according to the present disclosure may comprise a single tracer, or two or more tracers.

The tracer is not limited, and can be suitably selected from commonly used tracers.

Examples of tracers include hydrofluorocarbons, hydrochlorofluorocarbons, chlorofluorocarbons, hydrochlorocarbons, fluorocarbons, deuterated hydrocarbons, deuterated hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, fluoroethers, brominated compounds, iodinated compounds, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, and nitrous oxide (N₂O). The tracer is particularly preferably a hydrofluorocarbon, a hydrochlorofluorocarbon, a chlorofluorocarbon, a hydrochlorocarbon, a fluorocarbon, or a fluoroether.

Specifically, the following compounds are preferable as the tracer.

FC-14 (tetrafluoromethane, CF₄) HCC-40 (chloromethane, CH₃Cl) HFC-23 (trifluoromethane, CHF₃) HFC-41 (fluoromethane, CH₃Cl) HFC-125 (pentafluoroethane, CF₃CHF₂) HFC-134a (1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, CF₃CH₂F) HFC-134 (1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, CHF₂CHF₂) HFC-143a (1,1,1-trifluoroethane, CF₃CH₃) HFC-143 (1,1,2-trifluoroethane, CHF₂CH₂F) HFC-152a (1,1-difluoroethane, CHF₂CH₃) HFC-152 (1,2-difluoroethane, CH₂FCH₂F) HFC-161 (fluoroethane, CH₃CH₂F) HFC-245fa (1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane, CF₃CH₂CHF₂) HFC-236fa (1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane, CF₃CH₂CF₃) HFC-236ea (1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane, CF₃CHFCHF₂) HFC-227ea (1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane, CF₃CHFCF₃) HCFC-22 (chlorodifluoromethane, CHClF₂) HCFC-31 (chlorofluoromethane, CH₂ClF) CFC-1113 (chlorotrifluoroethylene, CF₂═CClF) HFE-125 (trifluoromethyl-difluoromethyl ether, CF₃OCHF₂) HFE-134a (trifluoromethyl-fluoromethyl ether, CF₃CH₂F) HFE-143a (trifluoromethyl-methyl ether, CF₃OCH₃) HFE-227ea (trifluoromethyl-tetrafluoroethyl ether, CF₃CHFCF₃) HFE-236fa (trifluoromethyl-trifluoroethyl ether, CF₃OCH₂CF₃)

The refrigerant composition according to the present disclosure may contain a tracer in a total amount of about 10 parts per million by weight (ppm) to about 1000 ppm based on the entire refrigerant composition. The refrigerant composition according to the present disclosure may preferably contain a tracer in a total amount of about 30 ppm to about 500 ppm, and more preferably about 50 ppm to about 300 ppm, based on the entire refrigerant composition.

2.3 Ultraviolet Fluorescent Dye

The refrigerant composition according to the present disclosure may comprise a single ultraviolet fluorescent dye, or two or more ultraviolet fluorescent dyes.

The ultraviolet fluorescent dye is not limited, and can be suitably selected from commonly used ultraviolet fluorescent dyes.

Examples of ultraviolet fluorescent dyes include naphthalimide, coumarin, anthracene, phenanthrene, xanthene, thioxanthene, naphthoxanthene, fluorescein, and derivatives thereof. The ultraviolet fluorescent dye is particularly preferably either naphthalimide or coumarin, or both.

2.4 Stabilizer

The refrigerant composition according to the present disclosure may comprise a single stabilizer, or two or more stabilizers.

The stabilizer is not limited, and can be suitably selected from commonly used stabilizers.

Examples of stabilizers include nitro compounds, ethers, and amines.

Examples of nitro compounds include aliphatic nitro compounds, such as nitromethane and nitroethane; and aromatic nitro compounds, such as nitro benzene and nitro styrene.

Examples of ethers include 1,4-dioxane.

Examples of amines include 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylamine and diphenylamine.

Examples of stabilizers also include butylhydroxyxylene and benzotriazole.

The content of the stabilizer is not limited. Generally, the content of the stabilizer is preferably 0.01 to 5 mass %, and more preferably 0.05 to 2 mass %, based on the entire refrigerant.

2.5 Polymerization Inhibitor

The refrigerant composition according to the present disclosure may comprise a single polymerization inhibitor, or two or more polymerization inhibitors.

The polymerization inhibitor is not limited, and can be suitably selected from commonly used polymerization inhibitors.

Examples of polymerization inhibitors include 4-methoxy-1-naphthol, hydroquinone, hydroquinone methyl ether, dimethyl-t-butylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, and benzotriazole.

The content of the polymerization inhibitor is not limited. Generally, the content of the polymerization inhibitor is preferably 0.01 to 5 mass %, and more preferably 0.05 to 2 mass %, based on the entire refrigerant.

3. Refrigeration Oil-Containing Working Fluid

The refrigeration oil-containing working fluid according to the present disclosure comprises at least the refrigerant or refrigerant composition according to the present disclosure and a refrigeration oil, for use as a working fluid in a refrigerating machine. Specifically, the refrigeration oil-containing working fluid according to the present disclosure is obtained by mixing a refrigeration oil used in a compressor of a refrigerating machine with the refrigerant or the refrigerant composition. The refrigeration oil-containing working fluid generally comprises 10 to 50 mass % of refrigeration oil.

3.1 Refrigeration Oil

The refrigeration oil-containing working fluid according to the present disclosure may comprise a single refrigeration oil, or two or more refrigeration oils.

The refrigeration oil is not limited, and can be suitably selected from commonly used refrigeration oils. In this case, refrigeration oils that are superior in the action of increasing the miscibility with the mixture and the stability of the mixture, for example, can be suitably selected as necessary.

The base oil of the refrigeration oil is preferably, for example, at least one member selected from the group consisting of polyalkylene glycols (PAG), polyol esters (POE), and polyvinyl ethers (PVE).

The refrigeration oil may further contain additives in addition to the base oil. The additive may be at least one member selected from the group consisting of antioxidants, extreme-pressure agents, acid scavengers, oxygen scavengers, copper deactivators, rust inhibitors, oil agents, and antifoaming agents.

A refrigeration oil with a kinematic viscosity of 5 to 400 cSt at 40° C. is preferable from the standpoint of lubrication.

The refrigeration oil-containing working fluid according to the present disclosure may further optionally contain at least one additive. Examples of additives include compatibilizing agents described below.

3.2 Compatibilizing Agent

The refrigeration oil-containing working fluid according to the present disclosure may comprise a single compatibilizing agent, or two or more compatibilizing agents.

The compatibilizing agent is not limited, and can be suitably selected from commonly used compatibilizing agents.

Examples of compatibilizing agents include polyoxyalkylene glycol ethers, amides, nitriles, ketones, chlorocarbons, esters, lactones, aryl ethers, fluoroethers, and 1,1,1-trifluoroalkanes. The compatibilizing agent is particularly preferably a polyoxyalkylene glycol ether.

4. Method for Operating Refrigerating Machine

The method for operating a refrigerating machine according to the present disclosure is a method for operating a refrigerating machine using the refrigerant according to the present disclosure.

Specifically, the method for operating a refrigerating machine according to the present disclosure comprises circulating the refrigerant according to the present disclosure in a refrigerating machine.

The embodiments are described above; however, it will be understood that various changes in forms and details can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims.

Item 1.

A composition comprising a refrigerant, the refrigerant comprising trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), difluoromethane (R32), 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234ze), and carbon dioxide (CO₂).

Item 2.

The composition according to Item 1, wherein

in the refrigerant, when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, and CO₂ based on their sum is respectively represented by x, y, z, and a,

(1) if 0<a≤0.4, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234ze is (100−a) mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines LL′, L′M, MN, NO, OK, KH, and HL that connect 7 points, i.e., points L, L′, M, N, O, K, and H, or on the straight lines LL′, L′M, MN, NO, OK, and KH (excluding the points L and H):

point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point O (−0.0095a+28.914, 0.0095a+51.586, −a+19.5), point K (−2.5a+1.0, −0.25a+51.5, 1.75a+47.5), and point H (0.1667a²−4.5667a+67.6, 0.0, −0.1667a²+3.5667a+32.4),

(2) if 0.4≤a≤7.5, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagram are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines LL′, L′M, MN, NO, OB″, B″K′, K′H, and HL that connect 8 points, i.e., points L, L′, M, N, O, B″, K′, and H, or on the straight lines LL′, L′M, MN, NO, OB″, and K′H (excluding the points L, B″, K′, and H), and

if 0.4≤a≤1.0, the 8 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point O (−0.0095a+28.914, 0.0095a+51.586, −a+19.5), point B″ (0.0, 51.4, −a+48.6), point K′ (0.0, −3.0a+52.6, 2.0a+47.4), and point H (0.1667a²−4.5667a+67.6, 0.0, −0.1667a²+3.5667a+32.4), if 1.0<a≤3.0, the 8 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+36.679, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point O (−0.0095a+28.914, 0.0095a+51.586, −a+19.5), point B″ (0.0, 51.4, −a+48.6), point K′ (0, −2.9a+52.5, 1.9a+47.5), and point H (0.05a²−4.55a+67.7, 0.0, −0.05a²+3.55a+32.3), if 3.0<a≤5.0, the 8 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point O (−0.0095a+28.914, 0.0095a+51.586, −a+19.5), point B″ (0.0, 51.4, −a+48.6), point K′ (0, −2.9a+52.5, 1.9a+47.5), and point H (0.05a²−4.55a+67.7, 0.0, −0.05a²+3.55a+32.3), or if 5.0<a≤7.5, the 8 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point O (−0.0095a+28.914, 0.0095a+51.586, −a+19.5), point B″ (0.0, 51.4, −a+48.6), point K′ (0, −2.8286a+52.105, 1.8286a+47.895), and point H (0.02a²−4.21a+66.75, 0.0, −0.02a²+3.21a+33.25)

Item 3.

The composition according to Item 1,

wherein

in the refrigerant, when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, and CO₂ based on their sum is respectively represented by x, y, z, and a,

(1) if 0<a≤5.5, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234ze is (100−a) mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines LL′, L′M, MN, NJ, JH, and HL that connect 6 points, i.e., points L, L′, M, N, J, and H, or on the straight lines LL′, L′M, MN, NJ, and JH (excluding the points L and H), and

if 0<a≤1.0, the 6 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point J (−0.3333a²−3.3667a+20.3, 36.6, 0.3333a²+2.3667a+43), and point H (0.1667a²−4.5667a+67.6, 0.0, −0.1667a²+3.5667a+32.4), if 1.0<a≤3.0, the 6 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point J (0.05a²−3.95a+20.5, 0.05a²−0.25a+36.8, −0.1a²+3.2a+42.7), and point H (0.05a²−4.55a+67.7, 0.0, −0.05a²+3.55a+32.3), if 3.0<a≤5.0, the 6 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point J (0.05a²−4.05a+20.8, 36.5, −0.05a²+3.05a+42.7), and point H (0.05a²−4.55a+67.7, 0.0, −0.05a²+3.55a+32.3), or if 5.0<a≤5.5, the 6 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point J (−3.6a+19.8, 36.5, 2.6a+43.7), and point H (0.02a²−4.21a+66.75, 0.0, −0.02a²+3.21a+33.25),

(2) if 5.5<a≤7.5, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagram are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines LL′, L′M, MN, NB′, B′K′, K′H, and HL that connect 7 points, i.e., points L, L′, M, N, B′, K′, and H, or on the straight lines LL′, L′M, MN, NB′, K′H, and HL (excluding the points L, B′, K′, and H):

point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point B′ (0.0, 36.5, −a+63.5), point K′ (0.0, −2.8286a+52.105, 1.8281a+47.895), and point H (0.02a²−4.21a+66.75, 0.0, −0.02a²+3.21a+33.25).

Item 4.

The composition according to Item 1,

wherein

in the refrigerant, when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, and CO₂ based on their sum is respectively represented by x, y, z, and a, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234ze is (100−a) mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines LL′, L′M, MI, IH, and HL that connect 5 points, i.e., points L, L′, M, I, and H, or on the straight lines LL′, L′M, MI, and IH (excluding the points L and H), and

if 0<a≤1.0, the 5 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point I (−0.1667a²−3.9333a+44.2, 18.1, 0.1667a²+2.9333a+37.7), and point H (0.1667a²−4.5667a+67.6, 0.0, −0.1667a²+3.5667a+32.4), if 1.0<a≤3.0, the 5 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point I (0.05a²−4.25a+44.3, 18.1, −0.05a²+3.25a+37.6), and point H (0.05a²−4.55a+67.7, 0.0, −0.05a²+3.55a+32.3), if 3.0<a≤5.0, the 5 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point I (−0.05a²−3.45a+42.8, 0.05a²−0.45a+19.0, 2.9a+38.2), and point H (0.05a²−4.55a+67.7, 0.0, −0.05a²+3.55a+32.3), or if 5.0<a≤7.5, the 5 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point I (0.1a²−4.85a+46.05, −0.02a²+0.21a+17.45, −0.08a²+3.64a+36.5), and point H (0.02a²−4.21a+66.75, 0.0, −0.02a²+3.21a+33.25).

Item 5.

The composition according to any one of Items 1 to 4, wherein the refrigerant further comprises 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf).

Item 6.

The composition according to Item 5,

wherein

in the refrigerant, when the mass % of HFO-1132(E) is x, the mass % of R32 is y, the mass % of the sum of R1234ze and R1234yf is z, and the mass % of CO₂ is a based on the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, R1234yf, and CO₂,

if r=R1234yf/(R1234ze+R1234yf), and 0.1≤r<1.0, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram having HFO-1132(E) as a first vertex, R32 as a second vertex, and the sum of 1234ze and R1234yf as a third vertex in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, and R1234yf is (100−a) mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines L_(r)L′_(r), L′_(r)M_(r), M_(r)N_(r), N_(r)O_(r), O_(r)B″_(r), B″_(r)K′ r, K′_(r)H_(r), and H_(r)L_(r) that connect 8 points, i.e., points L_(r), L′_(r), M_(r), N_(r), O_(r), B″_(r), K′_(r), and H_(r), or on the straight lines L_(r)L′_(r), L′_(r)M_(r), M_(r)N_(r), N_(r)O_(r), O_(r)B″_(r), and K′_(r)H_(r) (excluding the points L_(r), B″_(r), K′_(r), and H_(r)), and

if 0<a≤1.0, the 8 points are the following: point L_(r) (72.0, 0.0, 28.0−a), point L′_(r) (57.2, 10.0, 32.8−a), point M_(r) (48.6, −0.2778r²+0.4167r+18.061, 51.4−a−y), point N_(r) (35.7, −0.2778r²+0.4167r+36.661, 51.4−a−y), point O_(r) (28.9, −0.2222r²−0.1333r+51.611, 71.1−a−y), point B″_(r) (0.0, (0.463a²−0.1852a−0.2778)r²+(−0.6945a²+0.2778a+0.4167)r+(0.2317a²−0.0927a+51.361), 51.4−a−y), point K′_(r) (0.0, (0.3705a²−0.1482a−0.6667)r²+(−0.2217a²+0.0887a−11.6)r+(0.0183a²−3.0073a+52.567), 100−a−y), and point H_(r) ((2.4072a²−2.0739a−0.8889)r²+(−2.2779a²+1.5779a−8.4667)r+(0.0392a²−4.5732a+67.656), 0.0, 100−a−x), if 1.0<a≤3.0, the 8 points are the following: point L_(r) (72.0, 0.0, 28.0−a), point L′_(r) (57.2, 10.0, 32.8−a), point M_(r) (48.6, (−0.1389a²+0.6945a−0.8334)r²+(0.2084a²−1.0418a+1.2501)r+(−0.0695a²+0.3475a+17.783), 51.4−a−y), point N_(r) (35.7, −0.2778r²+0.4167r+36.661, 51.4−a−y), point O_(r) (28.9, (0.25a²−1.25a+1.2222)r²+(−0.275a²+1.375a−1.2333)r+(0.025a²−0.125a+51.711), 71.1−y−a), point B″_(r) (0.0, (0.25a²−1.0278a+0.7778)r²+(−0.275a²+1.2419a−0.9668)r+(0.075a²−0.364a+51.789), 100−a−y), point K′_(r) (0.0, (0.16667a²+0.2222a−0.8333)r²+(−0.3495a²+0.3645a−11.748)r+(0.1335a²−3.2395a+52.684), 100−a−y), and point H_(r) ((−0.25003a²+0.8613a−1.1669)r²+(0.275a²−1.3914a−8.0502)r+(0.0245a²−4.4175a+67.515), 0.0, 100−a−x), if 3.0<a≤5.0, the 8 points are the following: point L_(r) (72.0, 0.0, 28.0−a), point L′_(r) (57.2, 10.0, 32.8−a), point M_(r) (48.6, 18.2, 33.2−a), point N_(r) (35.7, (−0.1389a²+1.2501a−2.778)r²+(0.2084a²−1.8752a+4.167)r+(−0.0695a²+0.6255a+35.41), 51.4−a−y), point O_(r) (28.9, (0.1389a²−0.9723a+1.389)r²+(−0.2083a²+1.4585a−2.0845)r+(0.0695a²−0.4865a+52.395), 71.1−a−y), point B″_(r) (0.0, −0.0556r²+0.2833r+51.372, 100−a−y), point K′_(r) (0.0, (0.77775a²−6.2775a+13.166)r²+(−0.9665a²+8.0155a−29.148)r+(0.189a²−4.54a+56.086), 100−a−y), and point H_(r) ((−0.72215a²+6.3327a−13.332)r²+(0.6835a²−6.3015a+3.003)r+(0.039a²−4.434a+67.434), 0.0, 100−x−a), or if 5.0<a≤7.5, the 8 points are the following: point L_(r) (72.0, 0.0, 28.0−a), point L′_(r) (57.2, 10.0, 32.8−a), point M_(r) (48.6, (0.0592a²−0.6512a+1.776)r²+(−0.0355a²+0.3901a−1.062)r+(0.0029a²−0.0323a+18.29), 51.4−a−y), point N_(r) (35.7, 36.8, 27.5−a), point O_(r) (28.9, 51.7, 19.4−a), point B″_(r) (0.0, −0.0556r²+0.2833r+51.372, 100−a−y), point K′_(r) (0.0, (0.10373a²−0.9189a+3.2232)r²+(−0.1285a²+1.2799a−16.419)r+(0.0252a²−3.1662a+53.312), 100−a−y), and point H_(r) ((0.037a²−0.1293a−0.0008)r²+(−0.056a²+0.2a−11.017)r+(0.0719a²−4.8515a+68.7), 0.0, 100−a−x).

Item 7.

The composition according to Item 6,

wherein

in the refrigerant, when the mass % of HFO-1132(E) is x, the mass % of R32 is y, the mass % of the sum of R1234ze and R1234yf is z, and the mass % of CO₂ is a based on the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, R1234yf, and CO₂,

if r=R1234yf/(R1234ze+R1234yf), and 0.1≤r<1.0, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram having HFO-1132(E) as a first vertex, R32 as a second vertex, and the sum of 1234ze and R1234yf as a third vertex in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, and R1234yf is (100−a) mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines L_(r)L′_(r), L′_(r)M_(r), M_(r)I_(r), I_(r)H_(r), and H_(r)L_(r) that connect 5 points, i.e., points L_(r), L′_(r), M_(r), I_(r), and H_(r), or on the straight lines L_(r)L′_(r), L′_(r)M_(r), M_(r)I_(r), and I_(r)H_(r), and

if 0<a≤1.0, the 5 points are the following: point L_(r) (72.0, 0.0, 28.0−a), point L′_(r) (57.2, 10.0, 32.8−a), point M_(r) (48.6, −0.2778r²+0.4167r+18.061, 51.4−a−y), point I_(r) ((1.1576a²−0.3243a−2.1111)r²+(−0.9a²−0.35a−10.233)r+(−0.255a²−3.828a+44.244), 100−a−x−z, (1.1572a²+0.3239a+1.8889) r²+(0.9042a²+0.3458a+10.367) r+(0.2525a²+2.8315a+37.644)), and point H_(r) ((2.4072a²−2.0739a−0.8889)r²+(−2.2779a²+1.5779a−8.4667)r+(0.0392a²−4.5732a+67.656), 0.0, 100−a−x), if 1.0<a≤3.0, the 5 points are the following: point L_(r) (72.0, 0.0, 28.0−a), point L′_(r) (57.2, 10.0, 32.8−a), point M_(r) (48.6, (−0.1389a²+0.6945a−0.8334)r²+(0.2084a²−1.0418a+1.2501)r+(−0.0695a²+0.3475a+17.783), 51.4−a−y), point I_(r) ((−0.08337a²+0.8057a−2.0001)r²+(−0.0745a=−0.6105a−10.798)r+(0.108a²−4.346a+44.399), 100−a−x−z, (0.33337a²−1.5557a+2.2779) r²+(−0.225a²+1.508a+10.334)r+(−0.033a²+3.121a+37.64)), and point H_(r) ((−0.25003a²+0.8613a−1.1669)r²+(0.275a²−1.3914a−8.0502)r+(0.0245a²−4.4175a+67.515), 0.0, 100−a−x), if 3.0<a≤5.0, the 5 points are the following: point L_(r) (72.0, 0.0, 28.0−a), point L′_(r) (57.2, 10.0, 32.8−a), point M_(r) (48.6, 18.2, 31.2−a), point I_(r) ((−0.05554a²+0.8332a−2.3331)r²+(−0.2165a²+1.2485a−15.097)r+(0.1715a²−5.2775a+46.622), 100−a−x−z, (0.0556a²−0.8329a+2.6103)r²+(0.1915a²−1.0235a+14.18)r+(−0.1715a²+4.2775a+35.417)), and point H_(r) ((−0.72215a²+6.3327a−13.332)r²+(0.6835a²−6.3015a+3.003)r+(0.039a²−4.434a+67.434), 0.0, 100−a−x), or if 5.0<a≤7.5, the 5 points are the following: point L_(r) (72.0, 0.0, 28.0−a), point L′_(r) (57.2, 10.0, 32.8−a), point M_(r) (48.6, (0.0592a²−0.6512a+1.776)r²+(−0.0355a²+0.3901a−1.062)r+(0.0029a²−0.0323a+18.29), 51.4−a−y), point I_(r) ((0.19254a²−1.8957a+5.1093)r²+(−0.3156a²+3.3386a−23.07)r+(0.1097a²−4.9961a+46.759), 100−a−x−z, (−0.0074a²−0.4187a+2.1117)r²+(0.0379a²+0.1335a+12.236)r+(−0.0571a²+3.3777a+37.055)), and point H_(r) ((0.037a²−0.1293a−0.0008)r²+(−0.056a²+0.2a−11.017)r+(0.0719a²−4.8515a+68.7), 0.0, 100−x−a).

Item 8.

The composition according to any one of Items 1 to 7, for use as a working fluid for a refrigerating machine, wherein the composition further comprises a refrigeration oil.

Item 9.

The composition according to any one of Items 1 to 7, for use as an alternative refrigerant for R410A.

Item 10.

Use of the composition according to any one of Items 1 to 7 as an alternative refrigerant for R410A.

Item 11.

A refrigerating machine comprising the composition according to any one of Items 1 to 7 as a working fluid.

Item 12.

A method for operating a refrigerating machine, comprising circulating the composition according to any one of Items 1 to 7 as a working fluid in a refrigerating machine.

EXAMPLES

The present disclosure is described in more detail below with reference to Examples. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the Examples.

Example A

Mixed refrigerants were prepared by mixing HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, and CO₂ at mass % based on their sum shown in Tables 1 to 6.

The GWP of R410A (R32=50%/R125=50%) and the mixed refrigerants was evaluated based on the values stated in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), fourth report.

The GWP of HFO-1132(E), which was not stated therein, was assumed to be 1 from HFO-1132a (GWP=1 or less) and HFO-1123 (GWP=0.3, described in PTL 1). The refrigerating capacity of R410A and the mixed refrigerants was determined by performing theoretical refrigeration cycle calculations for the mixed refrigerants using the National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST) and Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and Transport Properties Database (Refprop 9.0) under the following conditions.

The COP ratio and the refrigerating capacity ratio of the mixed refrigerants relative to those of R410A were determined. The calculation conditions were as follows.

Evaporating temperature: 5° C.

Condensation temperature: 45° C.

Degree of superheating: 5 K

Degree of subcooling: 5 K

Compressor efficiency: 70%

Tables 1 to 6 show these values together with the GWP of each mixed refrigerant. The COP and refrigerating capacity are ratios relative to R410A.

The coefficient of performance (COP) was determined according to the following formula.

COP = (refrigerating  capacity  or  heating  capacity)/power  consumption

TABLE 1 Com Ex2 Com Ex3 Com Ex4 Com Ex5 Com Ex6 Com Ex7 Com Ex8 Item Unit Com Ex1 H I J K A B A′ HFO-1132 (E) mass % R410A 67.6 44.2 20.3 1.0 81.6 0.0 63.0 R32 mass % 0.0 18.1 35.6 51.5 18.4 17.8 37.0 R1234ze mass % 32.4 37.7 43.1 47.5 0.0 82.2 0.0 CO2 mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 GWP — 2088 3 125 250 350 125 125 250 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 100 101.4 101.7 103.0 104.5 98.7 107.8 98.7 Refrigerating % (relative to R4104) 100 80.0 82.8 82.5 80.0 105.3 52.1 110.0 Capacity Ratio Condensation Glide ° C. 0.1 4.5 6.6 7.4 6.9 0.3 10.4 0.1 Com Ex9 Com Ex10 Com Ex11 Com Ex12 Com Ex13 Com Ex14 Com Ex15 Com Ex16 Item Unit B′ A″ B″ L L′ M N O HFO-1132 (E) mass % 0.0 48.2 0.0 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 R32 mass % 36.5 51.8 51.4 0.0 10.0 18.1 36.7 51.6 R1234ze mass % 63.5 0.0 48.6 28.0 32.8 33.3 27.6 19.5 CO2 mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 GWP — 250 350 350 2 70 125 250 350 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 106.2 99.2 104.6 101.1 101.2 101.2 101.0 100.9 Refrigerating % (relative to R410A) 68.0 112.1 79.2 82.6 83.4 85.5 92.8 99.7 Capacity Ratio Condensation Glide ° C 9.5 0.0 7.0 3.9 5.4 5.8 4.7 3.0 Com Ex17 Com Ex18 Com Ex19 Com Ex20 Com Ex21 Item Unit Com Ex1 H′ I′ I″ J′ J″ HFO-1132 (E) mass % R410A 51.5 39.8 27.6 16.7 8.6 R32 mass % 10.0 18.1 27.3 36.5 44.0 R1234ze mass % 38.5 42.1 45.1 46.8 47.4 CO2 mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 GWP — 2088 70 125 187 249 300 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 100 101.8 102.3 102.9 103.5 104.0 Refrigerating % (relative to R4104) 100 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 Capacity Ratio Condensation Glide ° C. 0.1 6.4 7.4 8.0 7.9 7.5 Com Ex22 Example1 Example2 Com Ex23 Com Ex24 Com Ex25 Com Ex26 Com Ex27 Item Unit H I J K′ = B″ A B A′ B′ HFO-1132 (E) mass % 65.8 42.6 18.9 0.0 81.2 0.0 62.6 0.0 R32 mass % 0.0 18.1 36.6 51.4 18.4 17.8 37.0 36.5 R1234ze mass % 33.8 38.9 44.1 48.2 0.0 81.8 0.0 63.1 CO2 mass % 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 GWP — 3 125 250 350 125 125 250 250 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 101.3 101.7 103.0 104.5 98.5 107.6 98.5 106.0 Refrigerating % (relative to R410A) 80.0 82.8 82.5 80.0 106.1 53.0 110.7 68.9 Capacity Ratio Condensation Glide ° C. 5.4 7.3 7.9 7.3 0.6 11.1 0.3 9.9

TABLE 2 Com Ex28 Com Ex29 Example3 Example4 Example5 Example6 Item Unit A″ L L′ M N O HFO-1132 (E) mass % 47.8 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 R32 mass % 51.8 0.0 10.0 18.1 36.7 51.6 R1234ze mass % 0.0 27.6 32.4 32.9 27.2 19.1 CO2 mass % 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 GWP — 350 2 70 125 250 350 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 99.0 100.8 100.9 100.9 100.8 100.8 Refrigerating % (relative to R410A) 112.8 83.6 84.5 86.5 93.7 100.6 Capacity Ratio Condensation Glide ° C. 0.2 4.4 5.8 6.1 4.9 3.2 Com Ex30 Example7 Example8 Com Ex31 Com Ex32 Com Ex33 Com Ex34 Com Ex35 Item Unit H I J K′ A B A′ B′ HFO-1132 (E) mass % 63.2 40.1 16.6 0.0 80.6 0.0 62.0 0.0 R32 mass % 0.0 18.1 36.6 49.6 18.4 17.8 37.0 36.5 R1234ze mass % 35.8 40.8 45.8 49.4 0.0 81.2 0.0 62.5 CO2 mass % 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 GWP — 3 125 250 338 125 125 250 250 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 101.1 101.6 103.0 104.3 98.2 107.4 98.2 105.7 Refrigerating % (relative to R410A) 80.0 82.6 82.2 80.0 107.3 54.3 111.8 70.2 Capacity Ratio Condensation Glide ° C. 6.5 8.2 8.7 8.1 1.0 12.1 0.7 10.5 Com Ex36 Com Ex37 Com Ex38 Example9 Example10 Example11 Example12 Item Unit A″ B″ L L′ M N O HFO-1132 (E) mass % 47.2 0.0 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 R32 mass % 51.8 51.4 0.0 10.0 18.1 36.7 51.6 R1234ze mass % 0.0 47.6 27.0 31.8 32.3 26.6 18.5 CO2 mass % 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 GWP — 350 350 2 70 125 250 350 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 98.8 104.2 100.4 100.5 100.6 100.5 100.5 Refrigerating % (relative to R410A) 113.8 81.3 85.3 86.0 88.0 95.1 101.9 Capacity Ratio Condensation Glide ° C. 0.5 7.7 5.1 6.4 6.6 5.2 3.5

TABLE 3 Com Ex39 Example13 Example14 Com Ex40 Com 41 Com Ex42 Com Ex43 Com Ex44 Item Unit H I J K′ A B A′ B′ HFO-1132 (E) mass % 58.8 36.0 12.8 0.0 79.6 0.0 61.0 0.0 R32 mass % 0.0 18.1 36.5 46.7 18.4 17.8 37.0 36.5 R1234ze mass % 39.2 43.9 48.7 51.3 0.0 80.2 0.0 61.5 CO2 mass % 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 GWP — 3 125 250 318 125 125 250 250 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 101 101.7 103.2 104.2 97.7 107.0 97.8 105.2 Refrigerating % (relative to R410A) 80.0 82.4 81.7 80.0 109.3 56.5 113.6 72.3 Capacity Ratio Condensation Glide ° C. 8.5 9.8 10.0 9.4 1.7 13.6 1.2 11.4 Com Ex45 Com Ex46 Com Ex47 Example15 Example16 Example17 Example18 Item Unit A″ B″ L L″ M N O HFO-1132 (E) mass % 46.2 0.0 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 R32 mass % 51.8 51.4 0.0 10.0 18.1 36.7 51.6 R1234ze mass % 0.0 46.6 26.0 30.8 31.3 25.6 17.5 CO2 mass % 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 GWP — 350 350 2 70 125 250 350 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 98.4 103.8 99.7 99.9 100.0 100.0 100.1 Refrigerating % (relative to R410A) 115.5 83.5 88.0 83.5 90.4 97.5 104.2 Capacity Ratio Condensation Glide ° C. 1.0 8.4 6.2 7.2 7.3 5.8 3.9 Com Ex 48 Example19 Example20 Com Ex49 Com Ex50 Com Ex51 Com Ex52 Com Ex53 Item Unit H I J K′ A B A′ B′ HFO-1132 (E) mass % 54.5 32.0 9.1 0.0 78.6 0.0 60.0 0.0 R32 mass % 0.0 18.1 36.5 43.8 18.4 17.8 37.0 36.5 R1234ze mass % 42.5 46.9 51.4 53.2 0.0 79.2 0.0 60.5 CO2 mass % 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 GWP — 3 125 250 299 125 125 250 250 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 100.7 101.7 103.3 104.0 97.2 106.6 97.4 104.8 Refrigerating % (relative to R410A) 80.0 82.2 81.3 80.0 111.3 58.8 115.5 74.5 Capacity Ratio Condensation Glide ° C. 10.4 11.4 11.2 10.7 2.4 15.1 1.7 12.3 Com Ex54 Com Ex55 Com Ex56 Example21 Example22 Example23 Example24 Item Unit A″ B″ L L′ M N O HFO-1132 (E) mass % 45.2 0.0 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 R32 mass % 51.8 51.4 0.0 10.0 18.1 36.7 51.6 R1234ze mass % 0.0 45.6 25.0 29.8 30.3 24.6 16.5 CO2 mass % 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 GWP — 350 350 2 70 125 250 350 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 98.1 103.4 99.1 99.4 99.5 99.5 99.6 Refrigerating % (relative to R410A) 117.2 85.6 90.6 91.1 92.9 99.8 106.5 Capacity Ratio Condensation Glide ° C. 1.5 9.0 7.1 8.0 7.9 6.2 4.3

TABLE 4 Com Ex57 Example25 Example26 Com Ex58 Com Ex59 Com Ex60 Com Ex61 Com Ex62 Item Unit H I J K′ A B A′ B′ HFO-1132 (E) mass % 50.3 28.2 5.4 0.0 77.6 0.0 59.0 0.0 R32 mass % 0.0 18.0 36.5 40.9 18.4 17.8 37.0 36.5 R1234ze mass % 45.7 49.8 54.1 55.1 0.0 78.2 0.0 59.5 CO2 mass % 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 GWP — 3 125 250 279 125 125 250 250 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 100.7 101.9 103.5 103.9 96.7 106.3 97.0 104.4 Refrigerating % (relative to R410A) 80.0 82.0 80.8 80.0 113.3 61.1 117.3 76.7 Capacity Ratio Condensation Glide ° C. 12.3 13.0 12.4 12.0 3.0 16.4 2.2 13.0 Com Ex63 Com Ex64 Com Ex65 Example27 Example28 Example29 Example30 Item Unit A″ B″ L L′ M N O HFO-1132 (E) mass % 44.2 0.0 72.0 57.2 48.5 35.7 28.9 R32 mass % 51.8 51.4 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.7 51.6 R1234ze mass % 0.0 44.6 24.0 28.8 29.3 23.6 15.5 CO2 mass % 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 GWP — 350 350 2 70 125 250 350 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 97.7 103.0 98.5 98.8 99.0 99.1 99.2 Refrigerating % (relative to R410A) 118.9 87.8 93.3 93.6 95.3 102.1 108.8 Capacity Ratio Condensation Glide ° C. 2.0 9.6 7.9 8.7 8.5 6.6 4.7

TABLE 5 Com Ex66 Example31 Example32 Com Ex67 Com Ex68 Com Ex69 Com Ex70 Com Ex71 Item Unit H I J K′ A B A′ B′ HFO-1132 (E) mass % 46.2 24.3 1.8 0.0 76.6 0.0 58.0 0.0 R32 mass % 0.0 18.0 36.5 38.0 18.4 17.8 37.0 36.5 R1234ze mass % 48.8 52.7 56.7 57.0 0.0 77.2 0.0 58.5 CO2 mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 GWP — 3 125 250 260 125 125 250 250 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 101 102.1 103.7 103.8 96.2 106.0 96.6 104.0 Refrigerating % (relative to R410A) 80 81.7 80.2 80.0 115.2 63.4 119.1 78.8 Capacity Ratio Condensation Glide ° C. 14.1 14.5 13.5 13.4 3.5 17.6 2.6 13.8 Com Ex72 Com Ex73 Com Ex74 Example33 Example34 Example35 Example36 Item Unit A″ B″ L L′ M N O HFO-1132 (E) mass % 43.2 0.0 72.0 57.2 48.5 35.6 28.9 R32 mass % 51.8 51.4 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.6 R1234ze mass % 0.0 43.6 23.0 27.8 28.3 22.6 14.5 CO2 mass % 5.0 50 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 GWP — 350 350 2 70 125 250 350 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 97.4 102.6 98.0 98.3 98.5 98.6 98.8 Refrigerating % (relative to R410A) 129.6 89.9 96.0 96.1 97.8 104.5 111.1 Capacity Ratio Condensation Glide ° C. 2.4 10.1 8.7 9.3 9.0 7.0 5.0 Com Ex75 Example37 Com Ex76 Com Ex77 Com Ex78 Com Ex79 Com Ex80 Com Ex81 Item Unit H I K′ = J = B′ A B A′ A′′ B″ HFO-1132 (E) mass % 44.2 22.4 0.0 76.1 0.0 57.5 42.7 0.0 R32 mass % 0.0 18.0 36.5 18.4 17.8 37.0 51.8 51.4 R1234ze mass % 50.3 54.1 58.0 0.0 76.7 0.0 0.0 43.1 CO2 mass % 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 GWP — 4 125 250 125 125 250 350 350 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 100.8 102.2 103.8 96.0 105.9 96.4 97.2 102.4 Refrigerating % (relative to R410A) 80.0 81.6 80.0 116.2 64.5 120.0 121.5 91.0 Capacity Ratio Condensation Glide ° C. 15.0 15.2 14.1 3.7 18.1 2.9 2.6 10.4 Com Ex82 Example38 Example39 Example40 Example41 Item Unit L L′ M N O HFO-1132 (E) mass % 72.0 57.2 48.5 35.6 28.9 R32 mass % 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.6 R1234ze mass % 22.5 27.3 27.8 22.1 14.0 CO2 mass % 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 GWP — 2 70 125 250 350 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 97.7 98.0 98.2 98.4 98.6 Refrigerating % (relative to R410A) 97.3 97.4 99.0 105.6 112.2 Capacity Ratio Condensation Glide ° C. 9.0 9.5 9.2 7.1 5.1

TABLE 6 Com Ex83 Example47 Com Ex84 Com Ex85 Com Ex86 Com Ex87 Com Ex88 Com Ex89 Item Unit H I K′ A B A′ B′ A″ HFO-1132 (E) mass % 36.3 15.3 0.0 74.1 0.0 55.5 0.0 40.7 R32 mass % 0.0 17.9 30.9 18.4 17.8 37.0 36.5 51.8 R1234ze mass % 56.2 59.3 61.6 0.0 74.7 0.0 56.0 0.0 CO2 mass % 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 GWP — 4 125 212 125 125 250 250 350 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 101.2 102.7 103.8 95.1 105.3 95.7 103.1 96.6 Refrigerating % (relative to R410A) 80.0 81.1 80.0 120.0 69.2 123.5 84.3 124.8 Capacity Ratio Condensation Glide ° C. 18.5 18.0 16.8 4.6 20.2 3.6 15.3 3.3 Com Ex90 Com Ex91 Example43 Example44 Example45 Example46 Item Unit B″ L L′ M N O HFO-1132 (E) mass % 0.0 72.0 57.2 48.5 35.6 28.8 R32 mass % 51.4 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.7 R1234ze mass % 41.1 20.5 25.3 25.8 20.1 12.0 CO2 mass % 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 GWP — 350 2 70 125 250 350 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 101.6 96.6 97.0 97.2 97.5 97.8 Refrigerating % (relative to R410A) 95.4 102.6 102.4 103.8 110.3 116.8 Capacity Ratio Condensation Glide ° C. 11.2 10.1 10.4 10.0 7.7 5.6

A burning velocity test was performed using the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 in the following manner. First, the mixed refrigerants used had a purity of 99.5% or more, and were degassed by repeating a cycle of freezing, pumping, and thawing until no traces of air were observed on the vacuum gauge. The burning velocity was measured by the closed method. The initial temperature was ambient temperature. Ignition was performed by generating an electric spark between the electrodes in the center of a sample cell. The duration of the discharge was 1.0 to 9.9 ms, and the ignition energy was typically about 0.1 to 1.0 J. The spread of the flame was visualized using schlieren phctographs. A cylindrical container (inner diameter: 155 mm, length: 198 mm) equipped with two light transmission acrylic windows was used as the sample cell, and a xenon lamp was used as the light source. The propagation of flame was photographed with a schlieren system using a collimating lens and a high-speed digital video camera (frame rate: 600 fps), and recorded as video data on a PC. From the video image, flame propagation rate Sb (cm/sec) was measured. The burning velocity (Su) is expressed as the volume of unburned gas consumed by the flame surface of a unit area per unit time and was calculated by using the following formula.

Su = Sb * ρ u/ρ b

ρu: adiabatic flame temperature (unburned) ρb: adiabatic flame temperature (burned) ρu represents the measurement temperature, and ρb represents the combustion of combustion gas and is calculated from isobaric specific heat.

Table 7 shows the results.

TABLE 7 Item Unit L L′ M N O HFO-1132 (E) mass % 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 R32 mass % 0.0 10.0 18.1 36.7 51.6 R1234ze mass % 28.0 32.8 33.3 27.6 19.5 CO2 mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Burning Velocity cm/s 10 10 10 10 10 Item Unit L L′ M N O L L′ M N O HFO-1132 (E) mass % 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 R32 mass % 0.0 10.0 18.1 36.7 51.6 0.0 10.0 18.1 36.7 51.6 R1234ze mass % 27.6 32.4 32.9 27.2 19.1 27.0 31.8 32.3 26.6 18.5 CO2 mass % 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

cm/s 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 Item Unit L L′ M N O L L′ M N O HFO-1132 (E) mass % 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 R32 mass % 0.0 10.0 18.1 36.7 51.6 0.0 10.0 18.1 36.7 51.6 R1234ze mass % 26.0 30.8 31.3 25.6 17.5 25.0 29.8 30.3 24.6 16.5 CO2 mass % 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0

cm/s 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 Item Unit L L′ M N O L L′ M N O HFO-1132 (E) mass % 72.0 57.2 48.5 35.7 28.9 72.0 57.2 48.5 35.6 28.9 R32 mass % 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.7 51.6 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.6 R1234ze mass % 24.0 28.8 29.3 23.6 15.5 23.0 27.3 28.3 22.6 14.5 CO2 mass % 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0

cm/s 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 Item Unit L L′ M N O L L′ M N O HFO-1132 (E) mass % 72.0 57.2 48.5 35.6 28.9 72.0 57.2 48.5 35.6 28.8 R32 mass % 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.6 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.7 R1234ze mass % 22.5 27.3 27.8 22.1 14.0 20.5 25.3 25.8 20.1 12.0 CO2 mass % 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5

cm/s 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10

From these results, it is understood that the refrigerant according to the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity of 80% or more relative to that of R410A and a GWP of 350 or less, and is classified under the category of WCF lower flammability when the refrigerant is as follows: in the mixed refrigerant, when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, and CO₂ based on their sum is respectively represented by x, y, z, and a,

(1) if 0<a≤0.4, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234ze is (100−a) mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines LL′, L′M, MN, NO, OK, KH, and HL that connect 7 points, i.e., points L, L′, M, N, O, K, and H, or on the straight lines LL′, L′M, MN, NO, OK, and KH (excluding the points L and H):

point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point O (−0.0095a+28.914, 0.0095a+51.586, −a+19.5), point K (−2.5a+1.0, −0.25a+51.5, 1.75a+47.5), and point H (0.1667a²−4.5667a+67.6, 0.0, −0.1667a²+3.5667a+32.4),

(2) if 0.4≤a≤7.5, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagram are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines LL′, L′M, MN, NO, OB″, B″K′, K′H, and HL that connect 8 points, i.e., points L, L′, M, N, O, B″, K′, and H, or on the straight lines LL′, L′M, MN, NO, OB″, and K′H (excluding the points L, B″, K′, and H), and

if 0.4≤a≤1.0, the 8 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point O (−0.0095a+28.914, 0.0095a+51.586, −a+19.5), point B″ (0.0, 51.4, −a+48.6), point K′ (0.0, −3.0a+52.6, 2.0a+47.4), and point H (0.1667a²−4.5667a+67.6, 0.0, −0.1667a²+3.5667a+32.4), if 1.0<a≤3.0, the 8 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+36.679, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point O (−0.0095a+28.914, 0.0095a+51.586, −a+19.5), point B″ (0.0, 51.4, −a+48.6), point K′ (0, −2.9a+52.5, 1.9a+47.5), and point H (0.05a²−4.55a+67.7, 0.0, −0.05a²+3.55a+32.3), if 3.0<a≤5.0, the 8 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point O (−0.0095a+28.914, 0.0095a+51.586, −a+19.5), point B″ (0.0, 51.4, −a+48.6), point K′ (0, −2.9a+52.5, 1.9a+47.5), and point H (0.05a²−4.55a+67.7, 0.0, −0.05a²+3.55a+32.3), or if 5.0<a≤7.5, the 8 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point O (−0.0095a+28.914, 0.0095a+51.586, −a+19.5), point B″ (0.0, 51.4, −a+48.6), point K′ (0, −2.8286a+52.105, 1.8286a+47.895), and point H (0.02a²−4.21a+66.75, 0.0, −0.02a²+3.21a+33.25).

It is understood that the refrigerant according to the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity of 80% or more relative to that of R410A and a GWP of 250 or less, and is classified under the category of WCF lower flammability when the refrigerant is as follows: in the refrigerant, when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, and CO₂ based on their sum is respectively represented by x, y, z, and a,

(1) if 0<a≤5.5, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234ze is (100−a) mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines LL′, L′M, MN, NJ, JH, and HL that connect 6 points, i.e., points L, L′, M, N, J, and H, or on the straight lines LL′, L′M, MN, NJ, and JH (excluding the points L and H), and

if 0<a≤1.0, the 6 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point J (−0.3333a²−3.3667a+20.3, 36.6, 0.3333a²+2.3667a+43), and point H (0.1667a²−4.5667a+67.6, 0.0, −0.1667a²+3.5667a+32.4), if 1.0<a≤3.0, the 6 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point J (0.05a²−3.95a+20.5, 0.05a²−0.25a+36.8, −0.1a²+3.2a+42.7), and point H (0.05a²−4.55a+67.7, 0.0, −0.05a²+3.55a+32.3), if 3.0<a≤5.0, the 6 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point J (0.05a²−4.05a+20.8, 36.5, −0.05a²+3.05a+42.7), and point H (0.05a²−4.55a+67.7, 0.0, −0.05a²+3.55a+32.3), or if 5.0<a≤5.5, the 6 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point J (−3.6a+19.8, 36.5, 2.6a+43.7), and point H (0.02a²−4.21a+66.75, 0.0, −0.02a²+3.21a+33.25),

(2) if 5.5<a≤7.5, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagram are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines LL′, L′M, MN, NB′, B′K′, K′H, and HL that connect 7 points, i.e., points L, L′, M, N, B′, K′, and H, or on the straight lines LL′, L′M, MN, NB′, K′H, and HL (excluding the points L, B′, K′, and H):

point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point B′ (0.0, 36.5, −a+63.5), point K′ (0.0, −2.8286a+52.105, 1.8281a+47.895), and point H (0.02a²−4.21a+66.75, 0.0, −0.02a²+3.21a+33.25).

It is understood that the refrigerant according to the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity of 80% or more relative to that of R410A and a GWP of 125 or less, and is classified under the category of WCF lower flammability when the refrigerant is as follows: in the refrigerant, when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, and CO₂ based on their sum is respectively represented by x, y, z, and a,

coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234ze is (100−a) mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines LL′, L′M, MI, IH, and HL that connect 5 points, i.e., points L, L′, M, I, and H, or on the straight lines LL′, L′M, MI, and IH (excluding the points L and H), and

if 0<a≤1.0, the 5 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point I (−0.1667a²−3.9333a+44.2, 18.1, 0.1667a²+2.9333a+37.7), and point H (0.1667a²−4.5667a+67.6, 0.0, −0.1667a²+3.5667a+32.4), if 1.0<a≤3.0, the 5 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point I (0.05a²−4.25a+44.3, 18.1, −0.05a²+3.25a+37.6), and point H (0.05a²−4.55a+67.7, 0.0, −0.05a²+3.55a+32.3), if 3.0<a≤5.0, the 5 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point I (−0.05a²−3.45a+42.8, 0.05a²−0.45a+19.0, 2.9a+38.2), and point H (0.05a²−4.55a+67.7, 0.0, −0.05a²+3.55a+32.3), or if 5.0<a≤7.5, the 5 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point I (0.1a²−4.85a+46.05, −0.02a²+0.21a+17.45, −0.08a²+3.64a+36.5), and point H (0.02a²−4.21a+66.75, 0.0, −0.02a²+3.21a+33.25).

The line segment where the refrigerating capacity is 80% relative to that of R410A is a curve that connects points K, J″, J′, I″, I′, H′, and H, as shown in FIG. 2; however, here, straight line KH or straight line K′H, where the refrigerating capacity is 80% or more, was used instead.

The approximate expressions that indicate the coordinates of the points were each determined as shown in Tables 8 to 11 below.

TABLE 8 A Approximate Expression CO2 mass % 0.0 0.4 1.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 5.5 7.5 HFO-1132E mass % 81.6 81.2 80.6 80.6 79.6 78.6 78.6 77.6 76.6 76.6 76.1 74.1 R32 mass % 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.4 R1234ze mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 a = CO2 a a a a x = HFO-1132E Approximate Expression −a + 81.6 −a + 81.6 −a + 81.6 −a + 81.6 y = R32 Approximate Expression 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.4 z = R1234ze Approximate Expression 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 B Approximate Expression CO2 mass % 0.0 0.4 1.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 5.5 7.5 HFO-1132E mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 R32 mass % 17.8 17.8 17.8 17.8 17.8 17.8 17.8 17.8 17.8 17.8 17.8 17.8 R1234ze mass % 82.2 81.8 81.2 81.2 80.2 79.2 79.2 78.2 77.2 77.2 76.7 74.7 a = CO2 a a a a x = HFO-1132E Approximate Expression 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 y = R32 Approximate Expression 17.8 17.8 17.8 17.8 z = R1234ze Approximate Expression −a + 82.2 −a + 82.2 −a + 82.2 −a + 82.2 A′ Approximate Expression CO2 mass % 0.0 0.4 1.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 5.5 7.5 HFO-1132E mass % 63.0 62.6 62.0 62.0 61.0 60.0 60.0 59.0 58.0 58.0 57.5 55.5 R32 mass % 37.0 37.0 37.0 37.0 37.0 37.0 37.0 37.0 37.0 37.0 37.0 37.0 R1234ze mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 a = CO2 a a a a x = HFO-1132E Approximate Expression −a + 63.0 −a + 63.0 −a + 63.0 −a + 63.0 y = R32 Approximate Expression 37.0 37.0 37.0 37.0 z = R1234ze Approximate Expression 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 B′ Approximate Expression CO2 mass % 0.0 0.4 1.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 5.5 7.5 HFO-1132E mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 R32 mass % 36.5 36.5 36.5 36.5 36.5 36.5 36.5 36.5 36.5 36.5 36.5 36.5 R1234ze mass % 63.5 63.1 62.5 62.5 61.5 60.5 60.5 59.5 58.5 58.5 58.0 56.0 a = CO2 a a a a x = HFO-1132E Approximate Expression 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 y = R32 Approximate Expression 36.5 36.5 36.5 36.5 z = R1234ze Approximate Expression −a + 63.5 −a + 63.5 −a + 63.5 −a + 63.5

TABLE 9 A″ Approximate Expression CO2 mass % 0.0 0.4 1.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 5.5 7.5 HFO-1132E mass % 48.2 47.8 47.2 47.2 46.2 45.2 45.2 44.2 43.2 43.2 42.7 40.7 R32 mass % 51.8 51.8 51.8 51.8 51.8 51.8 51.8 51.8 51.8 51.8 51.8 51.8 R1234ze mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 a = CO2 a a a a x = HFO-1132E Approximate Expression −a + 48.2 −a + 48.2 −a + 48.2 −a + 48.2 y = R32 Approximate Expression 51.8 51.8 51.8 51.8 z = R1234ze Approximate Expression 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 B″ Approximate Expression CO2 mass % 0.0 0.4 1.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 5.5 7.5 HFO-1132E mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 R32 mass % 51.4 51.4 51.4 51.4 51.4 51.4 51.4 51.4 51.4 51.4 51.4 51.4 R1234ze mass % 48.6 48.2 47.6 47.6 46.6 45.6 45.6 44.6 43.6 43.6 43.1 41.1 a = CO2 a a a a x = HFO-1132E Approximate Expression 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 y = R32 Approximate Expression 51.4 51.4 51.4 51.4 z = R1234ze Approximate Expression −a + 48.6 −a + 48.6 −a + 48.6 −a + 48.6 L Approximate Expression CO2 mass % 0.0 0.4 1.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 5.5 7.5 HFO-1132E mass % 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 R32 mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 R1234ze mass % 28.0 27.6 27.0 27.0 26.0 25.0 25.0 24.0 23.0 23.0 22.5 20.5 a = CO2 a a a a x = HFO-1132E Approximate Expression 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 y = R32 Approximate Expression 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 z = R1234ze Approximate Expression −a + 28.0 −a + 28.0 −a + 28.0 −a + 28.0 L′ Approximate Expression CO2 mass % 0.0 0.4 1.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 5.5 7.5 HFO-1132E mass % 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 R32 mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 R1234ze mass % 32.8 32.4 31.8 31.8 30.8 29.8 29.8 28.8 27.8 27.8 27.3 25.3 a = CO2 a a a a x = HFO-1132E Approximate Expression 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 y = R32 Approximate Expression 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 z = R1234ze Approximate Expression −a + 32.8 −a + 32.8 −a + 32.8 −+B88:O126a + 32.8

TABLE 10 M Approximate Expression CO2 mass % 0.0 0.4 1.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 5.5 7.5 HFO-1132E mass % 48.6 48.6 48.6 48.6 48.6 48.6 48.6 48.5 48.5 48.5 48.5 48.5 R32 mass % 18.1 18.1 18.1 18.1 18.1 18.1 18.1 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 R1234ze mass % 33.3 32.9 32.3 32.3 31.3 30.3 30.3 29.3 28.3 28.3 27.8 25.8 a = CO2 a a a a x = HFO-1132E −0.019a + 48.618 −0.019a + 48.618 −0.019a + 48.618 −0.019a + 48.618 Approximate Expression y = R32  0.019a + 18.082  0.019a + 18.082  0.019a + 18.082  0.019a + 18.082 Approximate Expression z = R1234ze   −a + 33.3   −a + 33.3   −a + 33.3   −a + 33.3 Approximate Expression N Approximate Expression CO2 mass % 0.0 0.4 1.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 5.5 7.5 HFO-1132E mass % 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.6 35.6 35.6 35.6 R32 mass % 36.7 36.7 36.7 36.7 36.7 36.7 36.7 36.7 36.8 36.8 36.8 36.8 R1234ze mass % 27.6 27.2 26.6 26.6 25.6 24.6 24.6 23.6 22.6 22.6 22.1 20.1 a = CO2 a a a a x = HFO-1132E −0.0175a + 35.721  −0.0175a + 35.721  −0.0175a + 35.721  −0.0175a + 35.721  Approximate Expression y = R32 0.0175a + 36.679 0.0175a + 36.679 0.0175a + 36.679 0.0175a + 36.679 Approximate Expression z = R1234ze   −a + 27.6   −a + 27.6   −a + 27.6   −a + 27.6 Approximate Expression O Approximate Expression CO2 mass % 0 0.4 1 1 2 3 3 4 5 5 5.5 7.5 HFO-1132E mass % 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.8 R32 mass % 51.6 51.6 51.6 51.6 51.6 51.6 51.6 51.6 51.6 51.6 51.6 51.7 R1234ze mass % 19.5 19.1 18.5 18.5 17.5 16.5 16.5 15.5 14.5 14.5 14 12 a = CO2 a a a a x = HFO-1132E −0.0095a + 28.914  −0.0095a + 28.914  −0.0095a − 28.914  −0.0095a + 28.914  Approximate Expression y = R32 0.0095a + 51.586 0.0095a + 51.586 0.0095a + 51.586 0.0095a + 51.586 Approximate Expression z = R1234ze   −a + 19.5   −a + 19.5   −a + 19.5   −a + 19.5 Approximate Expression H Approximate Expression CO2 mass % 0.0 0.4 1.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 5.5 7.5 HFO-1132E mass % 67.6 65.8 63.2 63.2 58.8 54.5 54.5 50.3 46.2 46.2 44.2 36.3 R32 mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 R1234ze mass % 32.4 33.8 35.8 35.8 39.2 42.5 42.5 45.7 48.8 48.8 50.3 56.2 a = CO2 a a a a x = HFO-1132E 0.1667a² − 0.05a² − 0.05a² − 0.02a² − Approximate Expression 4.5667a + 67.6 4.55a + 67.7 4.55a + 67.7 4.21a + 66.75 y = R32 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Approximate Expression z = R1234ze −0.1667a² − −0.05a² + −0.05a² + −0.02a² + Approximate Expression 3.5667a + 32.4 3.55a + 32.3 3.55a + 32.3 3.21a + 33.25

TABLE 11 I Approximate Expression CO2 mass % 0.0 0.4 1.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 5.5 7.5 HFO-1132E mass % 44.2 42.6 40.1 40.1 36.0 32.0 32.0 28.2 24.3 24.3 22.4 15.3 R32 mass % 18.1 18.1 18.1 18.1 18.1 18.1 18.1 18.0 18.0 18.0 18.0 17.9 R1234ze mass % 37.7 38.9 40.8 40.8 43.9 46.9 46.9 49.8 52.7 52.7 54.1 59.3 a = CO2 a a a a x = HFO-1132E 0.1667a² + 0.05a² − −0.05a² − 3.45a + 0.1a² − 4.85a + Approximate 3.9333a + 44.2 4.25a + 44.3 42.8 46.05 Expression y = R32 18.1 18.1 0.05a² − 0.45a + −0.02a² + 0.21a + Approximate 19.0 17.45 Expression z = R1234ze 0.1667a² + −0.05a² + 2.9a + 38.2 −0.08a² + 3.64a + Approximate 2.9333a + 37.7 3.25a + 37.6 36.5 Expression J Approximate Expression CO2 mass % 0.0 0.4 1.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 5.5 HFO-1132E mass % 20.3 18.9 16.6 16.6 12.8 9.1 9.1 5.4 1.8 1.8 0 R32 mass % 36.6 36.6 36.6 36.6 36.5 36.5 36.5 36.5 36.5 36.5 36.5 R1234ze mass % 43.1 44.1 45.8 45.8 48.7 51.4 51.4 54.1 56.7 56.7 58 a = CO2 a a a a x = HFO-1132E −0.3333a² − 0.053a² − 0.05a² − −3.6a + 19.8 Approximate 3.3667a + 20.3 3.95a + 20.5 4.05a + 20.8 Expression y = R32 36.6 0.05a² − 36.5 36.5 Approximate 0.25a + 36.8 Expression z = R1234ze 0.3333a² + −0.1a² + −0.05a² + 2.6a + 43.7 Approximate 2.3667a + 43.1 3.2a + 42.7 3.05a + 42.7 Expression K and K′ Approximate Expression CO2 mass % 0.0 0.4 0.4 1.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 5.5 7.5 HFO-1132E mass % 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 R32 mass % 51.5 51.4 51.4 49.6 49.6 46.7 43.8 43.8 40.9 38.0 38.0 36.5 30.9 R1234ze mass % 47.5 48.2 48.2 49.4 49.4 51.3 53.2 53.2 55.1 57.0 57.0 58.0 61.6 a = CO2 a a a a a x = HFO-1132E −2.5a + 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Approximate Expression y = R32 −0.25a + 51.5 −3.0a + 52.6 −2.9a + 52.5 −2.9a + 52.5 −2.8286a + 52.105 Approximate Expression z = R1234ze 1.75a + 47.5 2.0a + 47.4 1.9a + 47.5 1.9a + 47.5 1.8286a + 47.895 Approximate Expression

Example B

Mixed refrigerants were prepared such that the mass % of HFO-1132 (E), the mass % of R32, the mass % of the sum of R1234ze and R1234yf, and the mass % of CO₂ were as shown in Tables 12 to 20 based on the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, R1234yf, and CO₂, and evaluated in the same manner as in Example A. Tables 12 to 20 show the results. The letter “r” represents R1234yf/(R1234ze+R1234yf).

TABLE 12 0% CO2 Com Ex93 Com Ex94 Com Ex95 Com Ex96 Com Ex97 Com Ex98 Com Ex99 Com Ex100 Item Unit A B

A″

B″

H

I

K′

L

HFO-1132 (E) mass % 81.6 0.0 48.2 0.0 66.8 43.2 0.0 72.0 R32 mass % 18.4 17.8 51.8 51.4 0.0 18.1 51.4 0.0 R1234(ze + y

) mass % 0.0 82.2 0.0 48.6 33.2 38.7 48.6 28.0 CO2 mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 GWP — 125 125 350 350 3 125 350 2 COP ratio % (relative 98.7 107.4 99.2 104.4 101.4 101.6 104.4 101.0 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 105.3 53.2 112.1 80.0 80.0 82.8 80.0 83.0 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 0.3 10.1 0.0 6.5 4.4 6.4 6.5 3.6 Com Ex101 Com Ex102 Com Ex103 Com Ex104 Com Ex105 Com Ex106 Com Ex107 Com Ex108 Item Unit L

M

N

O

B

B

H

I

HFO-1132 (E) mass % 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 0.0 0.0 63.2 38.6 R32 mass % 10.0 18.1 36.7 51.6 17.9 51.5 0.0 18.1 R1234(ze + y

) mass % 32.8 33.3 27.6 19.5 82.1 48.5 36.8 43.3 CO2 mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 GWP — 70 125 250 350 125 350 2 125 COP ratio % (relative 101.0 101.0 100.8 100.9 105.7 103.3 101.0 101.1 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 84.0 86.0 93.3 100.0 57.6 83.4 80.0 82.6 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 51 5.5 4.4 2.8 8.6 4.7 3.7 5.6 Com Ex109 Com Ex110 Com Ex111 Com Ex112 Com Ex113 Com Ex114 Com Ex115 Com Ex116 Item Unit K′

L

L′

M

N

O

B

B

HFO-1132 (E) mass % 0.0 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 0.0 0.0 R32 mass % 46.6 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.6 18.1 51.5 R1234(ze + y

) mass % 53.4 28.0 32.8 33.2 27.5 19.5 81.9 48.5 CO2 mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 GWP — 317 2 70 125 250 350 125 350 COP ratio % (relative 103.5 100.5 100.3 100.3 100.3 100.5 103.6 102.2 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 80.0 84.6 86.0 88.3 95.3 101.5 62.5 87.3 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 5.4 2.7 3.9 4.1 3.2 2.1 6.8 2.7 Com Ex117 Com Ex118 Com Ex119 Com Ex120 Com Ex121 Com Ex122 Com Ex123 Com Ex124 Item Unit H

I

K

L

L

M

N

O

HFO-1132 (E) mass % 58.3 31.9 0.0 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 R32 mass % 0.0 18.2 40.3 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.7 R1234(ze + y

) mass % 41.7 49.9 59.7 28.0 32.8 33.2 27.5 19.4 CO2 mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 GWP — 2 125 274 2 69 125 250 350 COP ratio % (relative 100.3 100.3 102.2 99.9 99.5 99.4 99.6 100.1 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 80.0 82.3 80.0 86.6 88.4 90.8 97.7 103.3 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 2.9 4.4 4.0 1.7 2.6 2.7 1.9 1.2

indicates data missing or illegible when filed

TABLE 13 0.4% CO2 Com Ex125 Com Ex126 Com Ex127 Com Ex128 Com Ex129 Example47 Com Ex130 Com Ex131 Item Unit A B

A″ B″

H

I

K′

L

HFO-1132 (E) mass % 81.2 0.0 47.7 0.0 65.0 41.6 0.0 12.0 R32 mass % 18.4 17.8 51.9 51.4 0.0 18.1 50.2 0.0 R1234(ze + y

) mass % 0.0 81.8 0.0 48.2 34.6 39.9 49.4 27.6 CO2 mass % 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 GWP — 125 125 350 350 3 125 342 2 COP ratio % (relative 98.5 107.2 99.0 104.2 101.2 101.5 104.3 100.7 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 106.1 54.1 112.8 80.9 80.0 82.8 80.0 84.1 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 0.6 10.7 0.2 6.8 5.2 7.0 7.0 4.1 Example48 Example49 Example50 Example51 Com Ex132 Com Ex133 Com Ex134 Example52 Item L

M

N

O

B

B″

H

I

HFO-1132 (E) mass % 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 0.0 0.0 61.4 36.9 R32 mass % 10.0 18.1 36.7 51.6 17.9 51.5 0.0 18.1 R1234(ze + y

) mass % 32.4 32.9 27.2 19.1 81.7 48.1 38.2 44.6 CO2 mass % 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 GWP — 70 125 250 350 125 350 3 125 COP ratio % (relative 100.7 100.7 100.6 100.7 105.5 103.2 100.8 101.1 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 85.0 87.0 94.2 100.9 58.5 84.2 80.0 82.6 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 5.5 5.8 4.6 3.0 9.2 5.0 4.5 6.1 Com Ex135 Com Ex136 Example53 Example54 Example55 Exarnp1e56 Com Ex137 Com Ex138 Item Unit K′

L

L′

M

N

O

B

B

HFO-1132 (E) mass % 0.0 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 0.0 0.0 R32 mass % 45.4 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.6 18.1 51.5 R1234(ze + y

) mass % 54.2 21.6 32.4 32.8 27.1 19.1 81.5 48.1 CO2 mass % 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 GWP — 309 2 70 125 250 350 125 350 COP ratio % (relative 103.4 100.2 100.1 100.0 100.1 100.4 103.5 103.2 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 80.0 85.7 87.0 89.2 96.3 102.4 63.3 84.2 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 5.9 3.2 4.3 4.5 35 2.3 7.3 4.9 Com Ex139 Com Ex140 Com Ex141 Com Ex142 Com Ex143 Com Ex144 Com Ex145 Com Ex146 Item Unit H

I

K′

L

L′

M

N

O

HFO-1132 (E) mass % 56.3 30.1 0.0 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 R32 mass % 0.0 18.2 39.1 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.7 R1234(ze + y

) mass % 43.3 51.3 60.5 27.6 32.4 32.8 27.1 19.0 CO2 mass % 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.4 0.4 GWP — 2 125 266 2 69 125 250 350 COP ratio % (relative 100.1 100.3 102.1 99.7 99.3 99.2 99.5 99.9 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 80.0 82.2 80.0 87.6 89.4 91.8 98.6 104.1 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 3.5 4.9 4.5 2.2 3.0 30 2.2 1.4

indicates data missing or illegible when filed

TABLE 14 1% CO2 Com Ex147 Com Ex148 Com Ex149 Com Ex150 Com Ex151 Example57 Com Ex152 Com Ex153 Item Unit A B_(r=0.1) A″ B″_(r=0.1) H_(r=0.1) I_(r=0.1) K′_(r=0.1) L_(r=0.1) HFO-1132 (E) mass % 80.6 0.0 47.2 0.0 62.2 39.0 0.0 72.0 R32 mass % 18.4 17.8 51.8 51.5 0.0 18.1 48.4 0.0 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 0.0 81.2 0.0 47.5 36.8 41.9 50.6 27.0 CO2 mass % 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 GWP — 125 125 350 350 3 125 330 2 COP ratio % 98.2 107.0 98.8 103.9 101.0 101.5 104.2 100.3 (relative to R410A) Refrigerating % 107.3 55.4 113.8 82.2 80.0 82.6 80.0 85.7 Capacity (relative Ratio to R410A) Condensation ° C. 1.0 11.7 0.5 7.2 6.4 8.0 7.8 4.8 Glide Example58 Example59 Example60 Example61 Com Ex154 Com Ex155 Com Ex156 Example62 Item Unit L′_(r=0.1) M_(r=0.1) N_(r=0.1) O_(r=0.1) B_(r=0.5) B′_(r=0.5) H_(r=0.5) I_(r=0.5) HFO-1132 (E) mass % 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 0.0 0.0 58.4 34.1 R32 mass % 10.0 18.1 36.7 51.6 17.9 51.5 0.0 18.1 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 31.8 32.3 26.5 18.5 81.1 47.5 40.6 46.8 CO2 mass % 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 GWP — 70 125 250 350 125 350 3 125 COP ratio % 100.4 100.4 100.3 100.4 105.3 103.0 100.6 101.0 (relative to R410A) Refrigerating % 86.5 88.5 95.6 102.3 59.8 85.5 80.0 82.4 Capacity (relative Ratio to R410A) Condensation ° C. 6.1 6.3 5.0 3.3 9.9 5.3 5.6 7.0 Glide Com Ex157 Com Ex158 Example63 Example64 Example65 Example66 Com Ex159 Com Ex160 Item Unit K′_(r=0.5) L_(r=0.5) L′_(r=0.5) M_(r=0.5) N_(r=0.5) O_(r=0.5) B_(r=0.5) B″_(r=0.5) HFO-1132 (E) mas s% 0.0 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 0.0 0.0 R32 mass % 43.6 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.6 18.1 51.5 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 55.4 27.0 31.8 32.2 26.5 18.5 80.9 47.5 CO2 mass % 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 GWP — 297 2 70 125 250 350 125 350 COP ratio % 103.3 99.8 99.7 99.7 99.8 100.1 103.3 101.8 (relative to R410A) Refrigerating % 80.0 87.3 88.5 90.7 97.6 103.7 64.6 89.4 Capacity (relative Ratio to R410A) Condensation ° C. 6.6 3.9 4.9 4.9 3.8 2.6 7.9 3.3 Glide Com Ex161 Com Ex162 Com Ex163 Com Ex164 Com Ex165 Com Ex166 Com Ex167 Com Ex168 Item Unit H_(r=1) I_(r=1) K′_(r=1) L_(r=1) L′_(r=1) M_(r=1) N_(r=1) O_(r=1) HFO-1132 (E) mass % 53.4 27.4 0.0 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 R32 mass % 0.0 18.2 37.4 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.7 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 45.6 53.4 61.6 27.0 31.8 32.2 26.5 18.4 CO2 mass % 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 GWP — 2 125 255 2 69 125 250 350 COP ratio % 99.9 100.3 102.0 99.3 99.0 98.9 99.2 99.7 (relative to R410A) Refrigerating % 80.0 82.1 80.0 89.2 90.8 93.2 99.9 105.4 Capacity (relative Ratio to R410A) Condensation ° C. 4.5 5.7 5.1 2.9 3.5 3.4 2.5 1.7 Glide

TABLE 15 2% CO2 Com Ex169 Com Ex170 Com Ex171 Com Ex172 Com Ex173 Example67 Com Ex174 Com Ex175 Item Unit A B_(r=0.1) A″ B″_(r=0.1) H_(r=0.1) I_(r=0.1) K′_(r=0.1) L_(r=0.1) HFO-1132 (E) mass % 79.6 0.0 46.2 0.0 57.8 34.9 0.0 72.0 R32 mass % 18.4 17.8 51.8 51.4 0.0 18.1 45.5 0.0 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 0.0 80.2 0.0 46.6 40.2 45.0 52.5 26.6 CO2 mass % 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 GWP — 125 125 350 350 3 125 310 2 COP ratio % 97.7 106.6 98.4 103.5 100.8 101.5 104.0 99.6 (relative to R410A) Refrigerating % 109.3 57.7 115.5 84.3 80.0 82.4 80.0 88.4 Capacity (relative Ratio to R410A) Condensation ° C. 1.7 13.2 1.0 7.9 8.3 9.6 9.1 5.9 Glide Example68 Example69 Example70 Example71 Com Ex176 Com Ex177 Com Ex178 Example72 Item Unit L′_(r=0.1) M_(r=0.1) N_(r=0.1) O_(r=0.1) B_(r=0.5) B″_(r=0.5) H_(r=0.5) I_(r=0.5) HFO-1132 (E) mass % 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 0.0 0.0 53.8 9.8 R32 mass % 10.0 18.2 36.7 51.6 17.9 51.5 0.0 18.1 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 30.8 31.2 25.6 17.5 80.1 46.5 44.2 50.1 CO2 mass % 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 GWP — 70 125 250 350 125 350 3 125 COP ratio % 99.8 99.8 99.9 100.0 104.9 102.6 100.3 101.0 (relative to R410A) Refrigerating % 89.0 91.0 97.9 104.6 62.0 87.6 80.0 82.1 Capacity (relative Ratio to R410A) Condensation ° C. 6.9 7.0 5.5 3.7 11.2 6.0 7.4 8.5 Glide Com Ex179 Com Ex180 Example73 Example74 Example75 Example76 Com Ex181 Com Ex182 Item Unit K′_(r=0.5) L_(r=0.5) L′_(r=0.5) M_(r=0.5) N_(r=0.5) O_(r=0.5) B_(r=0.5) B″_(r=0.5) HFO-1132 (E) mass % 0.0 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 0.0 0.0 R32 mass % 40.6 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.7 18.1 51.5 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 57.4 26.0 30.8 31.2 25.5 17.4 79.9 46.5 CO2 mass % 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 GWP — 277 2 70 125 250 350 125 350 COP ratio % 103.1 99.2 99.2 99.2 99.4 99.7 102.9 101.5 (relative to R410A) Refrigerating % 80.0 89.9 91.0 93.1 99.9 106.0 66.7 91.4 Capacity (relative Ratio to R410A) Condensation ° C. 7.8 5.0 5.7 5.6 4.3 3.0 8.9 3.9 Glide Com Ex183 Com Ex184 Com Ex185 Com Ex186 Com Ex187 Com Ex188 Com Ex189 Com Ex190 Item Unit H_(r=1) I_(r=1) K′_(r=1) L_(r=1) L′_(r=1) M_(r=1) N_(r=1) O_(r=1) HFO-1132 (E) mass % 48.6 23.1 0.0 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 R32 mass % 0.0 18.2 34.6 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.7 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 49.4 56.7 63.4 26.0 30.8 31.2 25.5 17.4 CO2 mass % 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 GWP — 2 125 236 2 69 125 250 350 COP ratio % 99.7 100.2 101.7 98.7 98.5 98.5 98.8 99.3 (relative to R410A) Refrigerating % 80.0 81.9 80.0 91.8 93.2 95.5 102.1 107.5 Capacity (relative Ratio to R410A) Condensation ° C. 6.2 7.0 6.3 3.9 4.3 4.1 3.1 2.2 Glide

TABLE 16 3% CO2 Com Ex191 Com Ex192 Com Ex193 Com Ex194 Com Ex195 Example77 Com Ex196 Com Ex197 Item Unit A B_(r=0.1) A″ B″_(r=0.1) H_(r=0.1) I_(r=0.1) K′_(r=0.1) L_(r=0.1) HFO-1132 (E) mass % 78.6 0.0 45.2 0.0 53.5 31.0 0.0 72.0 R32 mass % 18.4 17.8 51.8 51.4 0.0 18.0 42.8 0.0 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 0.0 79.2 0.0 45.6 43.5 48.0 54.2 25.0 CO2 mass % 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 GWP — 125 125 350 350 3 125 292 2 COP ratio % 97.2 106.2 98.1 103.1 100.6 101.6 103.8 99.0 (relative to R410A) Refrigerating % 111.3 59.9 117.2 86.4 80.0 82.2 80.0 91.0 Capacity (relative Ratio to R410A) Condensation ° C. 2.4 14.6 1.5 8.5 10.2 11.1 10.4 6.9 Glide Example78 Example79 Example80 Example81 Com Ex198 Com Ex199 Com Ex200 Example82 Item Unit L′_(r=0.1) M_(r=0.1) N_(r=0.1) O_(r=0.1) B_(r=0.5) B″_(r=0.5) H_(r=0.5) I_(r=0.5) HFO-1132 (E) mass % 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 0.0 0.0 49.4 25.6 R32 mass % 10.0 18.2 36.7 51.6 18.0 51.5 0.0 18.1 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 29.8 30.2 24.6 16.5 79 45.5 47.6 53.3 CO2 mass % 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 GWP — 70 125 250 350 125 350 3 125 COP ratio % 99.2 99.3 99.4 99.6 104.5 102.2 100.1 101.1 (relative to R410A) Refrigerating % 91.6 93.6 100.3 106.8 64.3 89.7 80.0 81.9 Capacity (relative Ratio to R410A) Condensation ° C. 7.7 7.6 5.9 4.1 12.4 6.6 9.2 9.9 Glide Com Ex201 Com Ex202 Example83 Example84 Example85 Example86 Com Ex203 Com Ex204 Item Unit K′_(r=0.5) L_(r=0.5) L′_(r=0.5) M_(r=0.5) N_(r=0.5) O_(r=0.5) B_(r=0.5) B″_(r=0.5) HFO-1132 (E) mass % 0.0 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 0.0 0.0 R32 mass % 37.6 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.7 18.1 51.6 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 59.4 25.0 29.8 30.2 24.5 16.4 78.9 45.4 CO2 mass % 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 GWP — 257 2 70 125 250 350 125 350 COP ratio % 102.9 98.6 98.6 98.7 98.9 99.3 102.6 101.1 (relative to R410A) Refrigerating % 80.0 92.6 93.5 95.5 102.2 102.2 68.9 93.5 Capacity (relative Ratio to R410A) Condensation ° C. 9.1 6.0 6.5 6.3 4.8 3.4 10.0 4.4 Glide Com Ex205 Com Ex206 Com Ex207 Com Ex208 Com Ex209 Com Ex210 Com Ex211 Com Ex212 Item Unit H_(r=1) I_(r=1) K′_(r=1) L_(r=1) L′_(r=1) M_(r=1) N_(r=1) O_(r=1) HFO-1132 (E) mass % 43.9 18.7 0.0 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 R32 mass % 0.0 18.1 31.7 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.7 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 53.1 60.2 65.3 25.0 29.8 30.2 24.5 16.4 CO2 mass % 3.0 3.0 3.0 30 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 GWP — 3 125 217 2 69 125 250 350 COP ratio % 99.5 100.3 101.5 98.1 98.0 98.0 98.4 98.9 (relative to R410A) Refrigerating % 80.0 81.4 80.0 94.4 95.7 97.8 104.3 109.6 Capacity (relative Ratio to R410A) Condensation ° C. 7.9 83 7.5 4.9 5.1 4.8 3.6 2.6 Glide

TABLE 17 4% CO2 Com Ex213 Com Ex214 Com Ex215 Com Ex216 Com Ex217 Example87 Com Ex218 Com Ex219 Item Unit A B_(r=0.1) A″ B″_(r=0.1) H_(r=0.1) I_(r=0.1) K′_(r=0.1) L_(r=0.1) HFO-1132 (E) mass % 77.6 0.0 44.2 0.0 49.2 26.9 0.0 72.0 R32 mass % 18.4 17.8 51.8 51.4 0.0 18.0 39.7 0.0 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 0.0 78.2 0.0 44.6 46.8 51.1 56.3 24.0 CO2 mass % 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 GWP — 125 125 350 350 3 125 271 2 COP ratio % 96.7 105.9 97.7 102.7 100.6 101.8 103.7 98.4 (relative to R410A) Refrigerating % 113.3 62.2 118.9 88.6 80.0 81.9 80.0 93.7 Capacity (relative Ratio to R410A) Condensation ° C. 3.0 15.9 2.0 9.1 12.1 12.7 11.8 7.7 Glide Example88 Example89 Example90 Example91 Com Ex220 Com Ex221 Com Ex222 Example92 Item Unit L′_(r=0.1) M_(r=0.1) N_(r=0.1) O_(r=0.1) B_(r=0.5) B″_(r=0.5) H_(r=0.5) I_(r=0.5) HFO-1132 (E) mass % 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 0.0 0.0 44.8 21.5 R32 mass % 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.6 18.0 51.5 0.0 18.1 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 28.8 29.2 23.5 15.5 78.0 44.5 51.2 56.4 CO2 mass % 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 GWP — 70 125 250 350 125 350 3 125 COP ratio % 98.7 98.8 98.9 99.1 104.2 101.8 100.1 101.2 (relative to R410A) Refrigerating % 94.1 95.9 102.7 109.1 66.6 91.8 80.0 81.6 Capacity (relative Ratio to R410A) Condensation ° C. 8.4 8.2 6.3 4.5 13.6 7.2 11.0 11.4 Glide Com Ex223 Com Ex224 Example93 Example94 Example95 Example96 Com Ex225 Com Ex226 Item Unit K′_(r=0.5) L_(r=0.5) L′_(r=0.5) M_(r=0.5) N_(r=0.5) O_(r=0.5) B_(r=0.5) B″_(r=0.5) HFO-1132 (E) mass % 0.0 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 0.0 0.0 R32 mass % 34.8 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.7 18.0 51.6 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 61.2 24.0 28.8 29.2 23.5 15.4 78.0 44.4 CO2 mass % 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 GWP — 238 2 70 125 250 350 125 350 COP ratio % 102.7 98.0 98.1 98.2 98.5 98.9 102.3 100.8 (relative to R410A) Refrigerating % 80.0 95.2 96.0 97.9 104.4 110.4 71.1 95.6 Capacity (relative Ratio to R410A) Condensation ° C. 10.4 6.8 7.2 6.9 5.3 3.8 11.0 5.0 Glide Com Ex227 Com Ex228 Com Ex229 Com Ex230 Com Ex231 Com Ex232 Com Ex233 Com Ex234 Item Unit H_(r=1) I_(r=1) K′_(r=1) L_(r=1) L′_(r=1) M_(r=1) N_(r=1) O_(r=1) HFO-1132 (E) mass % 39.5 14.8 0.0 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 R32 mass % 0.0 18.1 28.9 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.7 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 56.5 63.1 67.1 24.0 28.8 29.2 23.5 15.4 CO2 mass % 4.0 4.0 40 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 GWP — 3 125 198 2 69 125 250 350 COP ratio % 99.4 100.4 101.3 98.7 98.5 98.5 98.8 99.3 (relative to R410A) Refrigerating % 80.0 81.3 80.0 91.8 93.2 95.5 102.1 107.5 Capacity (relative Ratio to R410A) Condensation ° C. 9.6 9.6 6.7 3.9 4.3 4.1 3.1 2.2 Glide

TABLE 18 5% CO2 Com Ex236 Com Ex237 Com Ex238 Com Ex239 Com Ex240 Example97 Com Ex241 Com Ex242 Item Unit A B_(r=0.1) A″ B″_(r=0.1) H_(r=0.1) I_(r=0.1) K′_(r=0.1) L_(r=0.1) HFO-1132 (E) mass % 76.6 0.0 43.2 0.0 45.1 23.1 0.0 72.0 R32 mass % 18.4 17.8 51.8 51.4 0.0 18.0 36.8 0.0 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 0.0 77.2 0.0 43.6 49.9 53.9 58.2 23.0 CO2 mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 GWP — 125 125 350 350 3 125 252 2 COP ratio % 96.2 105.6 97.4 102.3 100.6 101.9 103.6 97.9 (relative to R410A) Refrigerating % 115.2 64.5 120.6 90.8 80.0 81.7 80.0 96.4 Capacity (relative Ratio to R410A) Condensation ° C. 3.5 17.1 2.4 9.6 13.9 14.2 13.1 8.5 Glide Example98 Example99 Example100 Example101 Com Ex243 Com Ex244 Com Ex245 Example102 Item Unit L′_(r=0.1) M_(r=0.1) N_(r=0.1) O_(r=0.1) B_(r=0.5) B″_(r=0.5) H_(r=0.5) I_(r=0.5) HFO-1132 (E) mass % 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 0.0 0.0 40.6 17.5 R32 mass % 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.7 18.0 51.5 0.0 18.1 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 27.8 28.2 22.5 14.4 77.0 43.5 54.4 59.4 CO2 mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 GWP — 70 125 250 350 125 350 3 125 COP ratio % 98.2 98.3 98.5 98.7 103.8 101.5 100.0 101.3 (relative to R410A) Refrigerating % 96.6 98.3 105.0 111.4 68.9 94.0 80.0 81.4 Capacity (relative Ratio to R410A) Condensation ° C. 9.0 8.7 6.7 4.8 14.7 7.7 12.7 12.7 Glide Com Ex246 Com Ex247 Example103 Example104 Example105 Example106 Com Ex248 Com Ex249 Item Unit K′_(r=0.5) L_(r=0.5) L′_(r=0.5) M_(r=0.5) N_(r=0.5) O_(r=0.5) B_(r=0.5) B″_(r=0.5) HFO-1132 (E) mass % 0.0 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 0.0 0.0 R32 mass % 31.8 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.7 18.1 51.6 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 63.2 23.0 27.8 28.2 22.5 14.4 76.9 43.4 CO2 mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 GWP — 218 2 70 125 250 350 125 350 COP ratio % 102.6 97.5 97.6 97.7 98.1 98.5 101.9 100.5 (relative to R410A) Refrigerating % 80.0 97.9 98.5 100.3 106.7 112.6 73.4 97.7 Capacity (relative Ratio to R410A) Condensation ° C. 11.8 7.6 7.8 7.4 5.7 4.2 11.9 5.5 Glide Com Ex250 Com Ex251 Com Ex252 Com Ex253 Com Ex254 Com Ex255 Com Ex256 Com Ex257 Item Unit H_(r=1) I_(r=1) K′_(r=1) L_(r=1) L′_(r=1) M_(r=1) N_(r=1) O_(r=1) HFO-1132 (E) mass % 35.1 10.7 0.0 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 R32 mass % 0.0 18.1 26.1 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.7 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 59.9 66.2 68.9 23.0 27.8 28.2 22.5 14.4 CO2 mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 GWP — 3 125 217 2 69 125 250 350 COP ratio % 99.3 100.3 101.5 98.1 98.0 98.0 98.4 98.9 (relative to R410A) Refrigerating % 80.0 81.4 80.0 94.4 95.7 97.8 104.3 109.6 Capacity (relative Ratio to R410A) Condensation ° C. 11.3 8.3 7.5 4.9 5.1 4.8 3.6 2.6 Glide

TABLE 19 6% CO2 Com Ex258 Com Ex259 Com Ex260 Com Ex261 Com Ex262 Example107 Com Ex263 Com Ex264 Item Unit A B_(r=0.1) A″ B″_(r=0.1) H_(r=0.1) I_(r=0.1) K′_(r=0.1) L_(r=0.1) HFO-1132 (E) mass % 75.6 0.0 43.2 0.0 41.0 19.3 0.0 72.0 R32 mass % 18.4 17.8 51.8 51.4 0.0 18.0 33.9 0.0 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 0.0 76.2 1.0 42.6 53.0 56.7 60.1 22.0 CO2 mass % 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 GWP — 125 125 350 350 3 125 271 2 COP ratio % 96.7 105.9 97.7 102.7 100.6 101.8 103.7 98.4 (relative to R410A) Refrigerating % 113.3 62.2 118.9 88.6 80.0 81.9 80.0 93.7 Capacity (relative Ratio to R410A) Condensation ° C. 3.0 15.9 2.0 9.1 12.1 12.7 11.8 7.7 Glide Example108 Example109 Example110 Example111 Com Ex265 Com Ex266 Com Ex267 Example112 Item Unit L′_(r=0.1) M_(r=0.1) N_(r=0.1) O_(r=0.1) B_(r=0.5) B″_(r=0.5) H_(r=0.5) I_(r=0.5) HFO-1132 (E) mass % 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 0.0 0.0 36.4 13.7 R32 mass % 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.7 17.9 51.5 0.0 18.0 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 26.8 27.2 21.5 13.4 76.1 42.5 57.6 62.3 CO2 mass % 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 GWP — 70 125 250 350 125 350 3 125 COP ratio % 98.1 98.2 98.5 98.9 104.2 101.1 100.1 101.5 (relative to R410A) Refrigerating % 96.0 97.9 104.4 110.4 66.6 96.1 80.0 81.1 Capacity (relative Ratio to R410A) Condensation ° C. 7.2 6.9 5.3 3.8 13.6 8.2 14.5 14.1 Glide Com Ex268 Com Ex269 Example113 Example114 Example115 Example116 Com Ex270 Com Ex271 Item Unit K′_(r=0.5) L_(r=0.5) L′_(r=0.5) M_(r=0.5) N_(r=0.5) O_(r=0.5) B_(r=0.5) B″_(r=0.5) HFO-1132 (E) mass % 0.0 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 0.0 0.0 R32 mass % 28.9 0.0 16.0 18.2 36.8 51.7 18.0 51.6 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 65.1 22.0 26.8 27.2 21.5 13.4 76.0 42.4 CO2 mass % 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 GWP — 198 2 70 125 250 350 125 350 COP ratio % 102.5 98.0 98.1 98.2 98.5 98.9 102.3 100.8 (relative to R410A) Refrigerating % 80.0 95.2 96.0 97.9 104.4 110.4 71.1 95.6 Capacity (relative Ratio to R410A) Condensation ° C. 13.2 6.8 72 6.9 5.3 3.8 11.0 5.0 Glide Com Ex272 Com Ex273 Com Ex274 Com Ex275 Com Ex276 Com Ex277 Com Ex278 Com Ex279 Item Unit H_(r=1) I_(r=1) K′_(r=1) L_(r=1) L′_(r=1) M_(r=1) N_(r=1) O_(r=1) HFO-1132 (E) mass % 30.9 7.0 0.0 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 R32 mass % 0.0 18.0 23.3 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.7 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 63.1 69.0 70.7 22.0 26.8 27.2 21.5 13.4 CO2 mass % 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 GWP — 3 125 198 2 69 125 250 350 COP ratio % 99.4 100.4 101.3 98.7 98.5 98.5 98.8 99.3 (relative to R410A) Refrigerating % 80.0 81.3 80.0 91.8 93.2 95.5 102.1 107.5 Capacity (relative Ratio to R410A) Condensation ° C. 9.6 9.6 8.7 3.9 4.3 4.1 3.1 2.2 Glide

TABLE 20 7.5% CO2 Com Ex280 Com Ex281 Com Ex282 Com Ex283 Com Ex284 Example117 Com Ex285 Com Ex286 Item Unit A B_(r=0.1) A″ B″_(r=0.1) H_(r=0.1) I_(r=0.1) K′_(r=0.1) L_(r=0.1) HFO-1132 (E) mass % 74.1 00 40.7 0.0 35.1 13.9 0.0 72.0 R32 mass % 18.4 17.8 51.8 51.4 0.0 17.9 29.5 0.0 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 0.0 74.7 0.0 41.1 57.4 60.7 62.9 20.5 CO2 mass % 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 GWP — 125 125 350 350 4 125 204 2 COP ratio % 95.1 104.9 96.6 101.4 101.0 102.5 103.5 96.5 (relative to R410A) Refrigerating % 120.0 70.4 124.8 96.2 80.0 81.1 80.0 103.0 Capacity (relative Ratio to R410A) Condensation ° C. 4.6 19.6 3.3 10.8 18.2 17.6 16.6 9.9 Glide Example118 Example119 Example120 Example121 Com Ex287 Com Ex288 Com Ex289 Example122 Item Unit L′_(r=0.1) M_(r=0.1) N_(r=0.1) O_(r=0.1) B_(r=0.5) B″_(r=0.5) H_(r=0.5) I_(r=0.5) HFO-1132 (E) mass % 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 0.0 0.0 30.3 8.0 R32 mass % 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.7 18.0 51.5 0.0 18.0 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 25.3 25.7 20.0 11.9 74.5 41.0 62.2 66.5 CO2 mass % 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 GWP — 70 125 250 350 125 350 3 125 COP ratio % 96.9 97.1 97.4 97.7 103.1 100.6 100.3 101.8 (relative to R410A) Refrigerating % 102.9 104.4 110.8 117.1 74.7 99.4 80.0 80.6 Capacity (relative Ratio to R410A) Condensation ° C. 10.1 9.6 7.4 5.4 17.0 8.9 17.0 16.1 Glide Com Ex290 Com Ex291 Example123 Example124 Example125 Example126 Com Ex292 Com Ex293 Item Unit K′_(r=0.5) L_(r=0.5) L′_(r=0.5) M_(r=0.5) N_(r=0.5) O_(r=0.5) B_(r=0.5) B″_(r=0.5) HFO-1132 (E) mass % 0.0 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 0.0 0.0 R32 mass % 21.5 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.7 18.0 51.6 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 68.0 20.5 25.3 25.7 20.0 11.9 74.5 40.9 CO2 mass % 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 GWP — 169 2 69 125 250 350 125 350 COP ratio % 102.4 96.2 96.4 96.6 97.1 97.5 101.1 99.7 (relative to R410A) Refrigerating % 80.0 104.4 104.6 106.3 112.4 118.1 79.1 103.0 Capacity (relative Ratio to R410A) Condensation ° C. 15.3 9.1 9.0 8.5 6.5 4.9 14.0 6.7 Glide Com Ex294 Com Ex295 Com Ex296 Com Ex297 Com Ex298 Com Ex299 Com Ex300 Com Ex301 Item Unit H_(r=1) I_(r=1) K′_(r=1) L_(r=1) L′_(r=1) M_(r=1) N_(r=1) O_(r=1) HFO-1132 (E) mass % 24.8 1.4 0.0 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 R32 mass % 0.0 18.0 19.1 0.0 10.0 18.3 36.8 51.7 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 67.7 73.1 73.4 20.5 25.3 25.6 20.0 11.9 CO2 mass % 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 GWP — 3 125 132 2 69 125 250 350 COP ratio % 99.6 100.9 101.0 95.8 95.8 96.0 96.6 97.3 (relative to R410A) Refrigerating % 80.0 80.1 80.0 106.0 106.7 108.5 114.2 119.2 Capacity (relative Ratio to R410A) Condensation ° C. 15.4 13.9 13.7 8.2 7.7 7.1 5.4 4.3 Glide

A burning velocity test was performed for these mixed refrigerants in the same manner as in Example A. Tables 21 and 22 show the results.

TABLE 21 Item Unit L_(r=0.1) L′_(r=0.1) M_(r=0.1) N_(r=0.1) O_(r=0.1) L_(r=0.5) L′_(r=0.5) M_(r=0.5) N_(r=0.5) O_(r=0.5) L_(r=1) L′_(r=1) M_(r=1) N_(r=1) O_(r=1) HFO-1132 (E) mass % 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 R32 mass % 0.0 10.0 18.1 36.7 51.6 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.6 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.7 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 27.6 32.4 32.9 27.2 19.1 27.6 32.4 32.8 27.1 19.1 27.6 32.4 32.8 27.1 19.0 CO2 mass % 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 Burning Velocity cm/s 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 Item Unit L_(r=0.1) L′_(r=0.1) M_(r=0.1) N_(r=0.1) O_(r=0.1) L_(r=0.5) L′_(r=0.5) M_(r=0.5) N_(r=0.5) O_(r=0.5) L_(r=1) L′_(r=1) M_(r=1) N_(r=1) O_(r=1) HFO-1132 (E) mass % 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 R32 mass % 0.0 10.0 18.1 36.7 51.6 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.6 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.7 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 27.0 31.8 32.3 26.6 18.5 27.0 31.8 32.2 26.5 18.5 27.0 31.8 32.2 26.5 18.4 CO2 mass % 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 Burning Velocity cm/s 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 Item Unit L_(r=0.1) L′_(r=0.1) M_(r=0.1) N_(r=0.1) O_(r=0.1) L_(r=0.5) L′_(r=0.5) M_(r=0.5) N_(r=0.5) O_(r=0.5) L_(r=1) L′_(r=1) M_(r=1) N_(r=1) O_(r=1) HFO-1132 (E) mass % 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 R32 mass % 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.7 51.6 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.6 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.7 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 26.0 30.8 31.2 25.6 17.5 26.0 30.8 31.2 25.5 17.5 26.0 30.8 31.2 25.5 17.4 CO2 mass % 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 Burning Velocity cm/s 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 Item Unit L_(r=0.1) L′_(r=0.1) M_(r=0.1) N_(r=0.1) O_(r=0.1) L_(r=0.5) L′_(r=0.5) M_(r=0.5) N_(r=0.5) O_(r=0.5) L_(r=1) L′_(r=1) M_(r=1) N_(r=1) O_(r=1) HFO-1132 (E) mass % 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 R32 mass % 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.7 51.6 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.7 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.7 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 25.0 29.8 30.3 24.6 16.5 25.0 29.8 30.2 24.5 16.5 25.0 29.8 30.2 24.5 16.4 CO2 mass % 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 Burning Velocity cm/s 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10

TABLE 22 Item Unit L_(r=0.1) L′_(r=0.1) M_(r=0.1) N_(r=0.1) O_(r=0.1) L_(r=0.5) L′_(r=0.5) M_(r=0.5) N_(r=0.5) O_(r=0.5) L_(r=1) L′_(r=1) M_(r=1) N_(r=1) O_(r=1) HFO-1132 (E) mass % 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 R32 mass % 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.6 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.7 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.7 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 24.0 28.8 29.2 23.5 15.5 24.0 28.8 29.2 23.5 15.4 24.0 28.8 29.2 23.5 15.4 CO2 mass % 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 Burning Velocity cm/s 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 Item Unit L_(r=0.1) L′_(r=0.1) M_(r=0.1) N_(r=0.1) O_(r=0.1) L_(r=0.5) L′_(r=0.5) M_(r=0.5) N_(r=0.5) O_(r=0.5) L_(r=1) L′_(r=1) M_(r=1) N_(r=1) O_(r=1) HFO-1132 (E) mass % 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.8 28.9 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 R32 mass % 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.7 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.7 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.7 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 23.0 27.8 28.2 22.5 14.4 23.0 27.8 28.2 22.5 14.4 23.0 27.8 28.2 22.5 14.4 CO2 mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 Burning Velocity cm/s 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 Item Unit L_(r=0.1) L′_(r=0.1) M_(r=0.1) N_(r=0.1) O_(r=0.1) L_(r=0.5) L′_(r=0.5) M_(r=0.5) N_(r=0.5) O_(r=0.5) L_(r=1) L′_(r=1) M_(r=1) N_(r=1) O_(r=1) HFO-1132 (E) mass % 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 R32 mass % 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.7 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.7 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.7 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 22.0 26.8 27.2 21.5 13.4 22.0 26.8 27.2 21.5 13.4 22.0 26.8 27.2 21.5 13.4 CO2 mass % 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 Burning Velocity cm/s 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 Item Unit L_(r=0.1) L′_(r=0.1) M_(r=0.1) N_(r=0.1) O_(r=0.1) L_(r=0.5) L′_(r=0.5) M_(r=0.5) N_(r=0.5) O_(r=0.5) L_(r=1) L′_(r=1) M_(r=1) N_(r=1) O_(r=1) HFO-1132 (E) mass % 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 72.0 57.2 48.6 35.7 28.9 R32 mass % 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.7 0.0 10.0 18.2 36.8 51.7 0.0 10.0 18.3 36.8 51.7 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 20.5 25.3 25.7 20.0 11.9 20.5 25.3 25.7 20.0 11.9 20.5 25.3 25.6 20.0 11.9 CO2 mass % 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 Burning Velocity cm/s 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10

From these results, it is understood that the refrigerant according to the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity of 80% or more relative to that of R410A and a GWP of 350 or less, and is classified under the category of WCF lower flammability when the refrigerant is as follows: in the mixed refrigerant, when the mass % of HFO-1132(E) is x, the mass % of R32 is y, the mass % of the sum of R1234ze and R1234yf is z, and the mass % of CO₂ is a based on the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, R1234yf, and CO₂,

if r=R1234yf/(R1234ze+R1234yf), and 0.1<r<1.0, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram having HFO-1132(E) as a first vertex, R32 as a second vertex, and the sum of 1234ze and R1234yf as a third vertex in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, and R1234yf is (100−a) mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines L_(r)L′_(r), L′_(r)M_(r), M_(r)N_(r), N_(r)O_(r), O_(r)B″_(r), B″_(r)K′_(r), K′_(r)H_(r), and H_(r)L_(r) that connect 8 points, i.e., points L_(r), L′_(r), M_(r), N_(r), O_(r), B″_(r), K′_(r), and H_(r), or on the straight lines L_(r)L′_(r), L′_(r)M_(r), M_(r)N_(r), N_(r)O_(r), O_(r)B″_(r), and K′_(r)H_(r) (excluding the points L_(r), B″_(r), K′_(r), and H_(r)), and

if 0<a≤1.0, the 8 points are as follows: point L_(r) (72.0, 0.0, 28.0−a), point L′_(r) (57.2, 10.0, 32.8−a), point M_(r) (48.6, −0.2778r²+0.4167r+18.061, 51.4−a−y), point N_(r) (35.7, −0.2778r²+0.4167r+36.661, 51.4−a−y), point O_(r) (28.9, −0.2222r2−0.1333r+51.611, 71.1−a−y), point B″_(r) (0.0, (0.463a²−0.1852a−0.2778)r²+(−0.6945a²+0.2778a+0.4167)r+(0.2317a²−0.0927a+51.361), 51.4−a−y), point K′_(r) (0.0, (0.3705a²−0.1482a−0.6667)r²+(−0.2217a²+0.0887a−11.6)r+(0.0183a²−3.0073a+52.567), 100−a−y), and point H_(r) ((2.4072a²−2.0739a−0.8889)r²+(−2.2779a²+1.5779a−8.4667)r+(0.0392a²−4.5732a+67.656), 0.0, 100−a−x), if 1.0<a≤3.0, the 8 points are as follows: point L_(r) (72.0, 0.0, 28.0−a), point L′_(r) (57.2, 10.0, 32.8−a), point M_(r) (48.6, (−0.1389a²+0.6945a−0.8334)r²+(0.2084a²−1.0418a+1.2501)r+(−0.0695a²+0.3475a+17.783), 51.4−a−y), point N_(r) (35.7, −0.2778r²+0.4167r+36.661, 51.4−a−y), point O_(r) (28.9, (0.25a2−1.25a+1.2222)r2+(−0.275a2+1.375a−1.2333)r+(0.025a2−0.125a+51.711), 71.1−y−a), point B″_(r) (0.0, (0.25a²−1.0278a+0.7778)r²+(−0.275a²+1.2419a−0.9668)r+(0.075a²−0.364a+51.789), 100−a−y), point K′_(r) (0.0, (0.16667a²+0.2222a−0.8333)r²+(−0.3495a²+0.3645a−11.748)r+(0.1335a²−3.2395a+52.684), 100−a−y), and point H_(r) ((−0.25003a²+0.8613a−1.1669)r²+(0.275a²−1.3914a−8.0502)r+(0.0245a²−4.4175a+67.515), 0.0, 100−a−x), if 3.0<a≤5.0, the 8 points are as follows: point L_(r) (72.0, 0.0, 28.0−a), point L′_(r) (57.2, 10.0, 32.8−a), point M_(r) (48.6, 18.2, 33.2−a), point N_(r) (35.7, (−0.1389a²+1.2501a−2.778)r²+(0.2084a²−1.8752a+4.167)r+(−0.0695a²+0.6255a+35.41), 51.4−a−y), point O_(r) (28.9, (0.1389a²−0.9723a+1.389)r²+(−0.2083a²+1.4585a−2.0845)r+(0.0695a²−0.4865a+52.395), 71.1−a−y), point B″_(r) (0.0, −0.0556r²+0.2833r+51.372, 100−a−y), point K′_(r) (0.0, (0.77775a²−6.2775a+13.166)r²+(−0.9665a²+8.0155a−29.148)r+(0.189a²−4.54a+56.086), 100−a−y), and point H_(r) ((−0.72215a²+6.3327a−13.332)r²+(0.6835a²−6.3015a+3.003)r+(0.039a²−4.434a+67.434), 0.0, 100−x−a), or if 5.0<a≤7.5, the 8 points are as follows: point L_(r) (72.0, 0.0, 28.0−a), point L′, (57.2, 10.0, 32.8−a), point M_(r) (48.6, (0.0592a²−0.6512a+1.776)r²+(−0.0355a²+0.3901a−1.062)r+(0.0029a²−0.0323a+18.29), 51.4−a−y), point N_(r) (35.7, 36.8, 27.5−a), point O_(r) (28.9, 51.7, 19.4−a), point B″_(r) (0.0, −0.0556r²+0.2833r+51.372, 100−a−y), point K′_(r) (0.0, (0.10373a²−0.9189a+3.2232)r²+(−0.1285a²+1.2799a−16.419)r+(0.0252a²−3.1662a+53.312), 100−a−y), and point H_(r) ((0.037a²−0.1293a−0.0008)r²+(−0.056a²+0.2a−11.017)r+(0.0719a²−4.8515a+68.7), 0.0, 100−a−x).

It is also understood that the refrigerant according to the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity of 80% or more relative to that of R410A and a GWP of 125 or less, and is classified under the category of WCF lower flammability when the refrigerant is as follows: in the mixed refrigerant, when the mass % of HFO-1132(E) is x, the mass % of R32 is y, the mass % of the sum of R1234ze and R1234yf is z, and the mass % of CO₂ is a based on the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, R1234yf, and CO₂,

if r=R1234yf/(R1234ze+R1234yf), and 0.1 r<1.0, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram having HFO-1132(E) as a first vertex, R32 as a second vertex, and the sum of 1234ze and R1234yf as a third vertex in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, and R1234yf is (100−a) mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines L_(r)L′_(r), L′_(r)M_(r), M_(r)I_(r), I_(r)H_(r), and H_(r)L_(r) that connect 5 points, i.e., points L_(r), L′_(r), M_(r), I_(r), and H_(r), or on the straight lines L_(r)L′_(r), L′_(r)M_(r), M_(r)I_(r), and I_(r)H_(r), and

if 0<a≤1.0, the 5 points are as follows: point L_(r) (72.0, 0.0, 28.0−a), point L′_(r) (57.2, 10.0, 32.8−a), point M_(r) (48.6, −0.2778r²+0.4167r+18.061, 51.4−a−y), point I_(r) ((1.1576a²−0.3243a−2.1111)r²+(−0.9a²−0.35a−10.233)r+(−0.255a²−3.828a+44.244), 100−a−x−z, (1.1572a²+0.3239a+1.8889)r²+(0.9042a²+0.3458a+10.367)r+(0.2525a²+2.8315a+37.644)), and point H_(r) ((2.4072a²−2.0739a−0.8889)r²+(−2.2779a²+1.5779a−8.4667)r+(0.0392a²−4.5732a+67.656), 0.0, 100−a−x), if 1.0<a≤3.0, the 5 points are as follows: point L_(r) (72.0, 0.0, 28.0−a), point L′_(r) (57.2, 10.0, 32.8−a), point M_(r) (48.6, (−0.1389a²+0.6945a−0.8334)r²+(0.2084a²−1.0418a+1.2501)r+(−0.0695a²+0.3475a+17.783), 51.4−a−y), point I_(r) ((−0.08337a²+0.8057a−2.0001)r²+(−0.0745a²−0.6105a−10.798)r+(0.108a²−4.346a+44.399), 100−a−x−z, (0.33337a²−1.5557a+2.2779)r²+(−0.225a²+1.508a+10.334)r+(−0.033a²+3.121a+37.64)), and point H_(r) ((−0.25003a²+0.8613a−1.1669)r²+(0.275a²−1.3914a−8.0502)r+(0.0245a²−4.4175a+67.515), 0.0, 100−a−x), if 3.0<a≤5.0, the 5 points are as follows: point L_(r) (72.0, 0.0, 28.0−a), point L′_(r) (57.2, 10.0, 32.8−a), point M_(r) (48.6, 18.2, 31.2−a), point I_(r) ((−0.05554a²+0.8332a−2.3331)r²+(−0.2165a⁴+1.2485a−15.097)r+(0.1715a²−5.2775a+46.622), 100−a−x−z, (0.0556a²−0.8329a+2.6103)r²+(0.1915a²−1.0235a+14.18)r+(−0.1715a²+4.2775a+35.417)), and point H_(r) ((−0.72215a²+6.3327a−13.332)r²+(0.6835a²−6.3015a+3.003)r+(0.039a²−4.434a+67.434), 0.0, 100−a−x), or if 5.0<a≤7.5, the 5 points are as follows: point L_(r) (72.0, 0.0, 28.0−a), point L′_(r) (57.2, 10.0, 32.8−a), point M_(r) (48.6, (0.0592a²−0.6512a+1.776)r²+(−0.0355a²+0.3901a−1.062)r+(0.0029a²−0.0323a+18.29), 51.4−a−y), point I_(r) ((0.19254a²−1.8957a+5.1093)r²+(−0.3156a²+3.3386a−23.07)r+(0.1097a²−4.9961a+46.759), 100−a−x−z, (−0.0074a²−0.4187a+2.1117)r²+(0.0379a²+0.1335a+12.236)r+(−0.0571a²+3.3777a+37.055)), and point H_(r) ((0.037a²−0.1293a−0.0008)r²+(−0.056a²+0.2a−11.017)r+(0.0719a²−4.8515a+68.7), 0.0, 100−x−a).

The approximate expressions that indicate the coordinates of the points were each determined as shown below.

TABLE 23 Point L_(r) Approximate Expression Using r L_(r)(r = R1234ze/(R1234ze + R1234yf)) Item Unit 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 Specific Coordinates HFO-1132E mass % 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 R32 mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 28.0 28.0 28.0 27.6 27.6 27.6 27.0 27.0 27.0 a = CO2 mass % 0.0 0.4 1.0 r x = HFO-1132E Approximate Expression 72.0 72.0 72.0 Approximate y = R32 Approximate Expression 0.0 0.0 0.0 Expression R1234(ze + yf) Approximate Expression 28.0 27.6 27.0 Specific HFO-1132E mass % 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 Coordinates R32 mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 26.0 26.0 26.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 a = CO2 mass % 2.0 3.0 4.0 r x = HFO-1132E Approximate Expression 72.0 72.0 72.0 Approximate y = R32 Approximate Expression 0.0 0.0 0.0 Expression z = R1234(ze + yf) Approximate Expression 26.0 25.0 24.0 Specific HFO-1132 (E) mass % 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 Coordinates R32 mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 23.0 23.0 23.0 22.0 22.0 22.0 20.5 20.5 20.5 a = CO2 mass % 5.0 6.0 7.5 r x = HFO-1132E Approximate Expression 72.0 72.0 72.0 Approximate y = R32 Approximate Expression 0.0 0.0 0.0 Expression z = R1234(ze + yf) Approximate Expression 23.0 22.0 20.5 Approximate Expression Using r and a (0 < a ≤ 7.5) Item Unit L_(r)(r = R1234yf/(R1234(yf + ze)) CO2 mass % 0.0 0.4 1.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 6.0 7.5 HFO-1132 E mass % 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 R32 mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 28.0 27.6 27.0 27.0 26.0 25.0 25.0 24.0 23.0 23.0 22.0 20.5 a = CO2 a x = HFO-1132E Approximate Expression 72.0 y = R32 Approximate Expression 0.0 z = R1234ze Approximate Expression −a + 28.0

TABLE 24 Point L′_(r) Approximate Expression Using r L_(r) (r = R1234ze/(R1234ze + R1234yf)) Item Unit 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 Specific Coordinates HFO-1132E mass % 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 R32 mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 32.8 32.8 32.8 32.4 32.4 32.4 31.8 31.8 31.8 a = CO2 mass % 0.0 57.2 57.2 r x = HFO-1132E Approximate Expression 10.0 10.0 10.0 Approximate y = R32 Approximate Expression 32.8 32.4 31.8 Expression R1234(ze + yf) Approximate Expression 28.0 27.6 27.0 Specific HFO-1132E mass % 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 Coordinates R32 mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 30.8 30.8 30.8 29.8 29.8 29.8 28.8 28.8 28.8 a = CO2 mass % 57.2 57.2 57.2 r x = HFO-1132E Approximate Expression 10.0 10.0 10.0 Approximate y = R32 Approximate Expression 30.8 29.8 28.8 Expression z = R1234(ze + yf) Approximate Expression 26.0 25.0 24.0 Specific HFO-1132 (E) mass % 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 Coordinates R32 mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 27.8 27.8 27.8 26.8 26.8 26.8 25.3 25.3 25.3 a = CO2 mass % 5.0 6.0 7.5 r x = HFO-1132E Approximate Expression 57.2 57.2 57.2 Approximate y = R32 Approximate Expression 10.0 10.0 10.0 Expression z = R1234(ze + yf) Approximate Expression 27.8 26.8 25.3 Approximate Expression Using r and a (0 < a ≤ 7.5) Item Unit L′_(r) (r = R1234yf/(R1234(yf + ze)) CO2 mass % 0.0 0.4 1.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 6.0 7.5 HFO-1132 E mass % 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.2 R32 mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 32.8 32.4 31.8 31.8 30.8 29.8 29.8 28.8 27.8 27.8 26.8 25.3 a = CO2 a x = HFO-1132E Approximate Expression 57.2 y = R32 Approximate Expression 10.0 z = R1234ze Approximate Expression −a + 32.8

TABLE 25 Point M_(r) Approximate Expression Using r and a (0 < a ≤ 1.0) M_(r) (r = R1234ze/(R1234ze + R1234yf)) Item Unit 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 Specific HFO-1132 E mass % 48.6 48.6 48.6 48.6 48.6 48.6 48.6 48.6 48.6 Coordinates R32 mass % 18.1 18.2 18.2 18.1 18.2 18.2 18.1 18.2 18.2 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 33.3 33.2 33.2 32.9 32.8 32.8 32.3 32.2 32.2 a = CO2 mass % 0.0 0.4 1.0 r x = HFO-1132E Approximate Expression 48.6 Approximate y = R32 Approximate Expression −0.2778r² + 0.4167r + 18.061 Expression z = R1234(ze + yf) Approximate Expression 51.4 − a − y (1.0 < a ≤ 3.0) M_(r) (r = R1234ze/(R1234ze + R1234yf)) Item Unit 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 Approximate HFO-1132 E mass % 48.6 48.6 48.6 48.6 48.6 48.6 48.6 48.6 48.6 Expression of R32 mass % 18.1 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 x, y, z Using a R1234(ze + yf) mass % 32.3 32.2 32.2 31.2 31.2 31.2 30.2 30.2 30.2 and r a = CO2 mass % 1.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 x = HFO-1132E Approximate Expression 48.6 48.6 48.6 y = R32 Approximate Expression -0.2778r² + 0.4167r + 18.061 18.2 18.2 z = R1234(ze + yf) Approximate Expression 48.6 48.6 48.6 Approximate y a = CO2 1.0 2.0 3.0 Expression of Quadric Coefficient -0.2778 0.0 0.0 x, y, z Using a Linear Coefficient 0.4167 0.0 0.0 and r Zeroth Order Coefficient 18.061 18.2 18.2 x Approximate Expression 48.6 y Approximate Expression (−0.1389a² + 0.6945a − 0.8334)r² + (0.2084a² − 1.0418a + 1.2501)r + (−0.0695a² + 0.3475a + 17.783) z Approximate Expression 51.4 − a − y (3.0 < a ≤ 5.0) M_(r) (r = R1234ze/(R1234ze + R1234yf)) Item Unit 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 Approximate HFO-1132 E mass % 48.6 48.6 48.6 48.6 48.6 48.6 48.6 48.6 48.6 Expression of R32 mass % 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 x, y, z Using a R1234(ze + yf) mass % 30.2 30.2 30.2 29.2 29.2 29.2 28.2 28.2 28.2 and r a = CO2 mass % 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 x = HFO-1132E Approximate Expression 48.6 48.6 48.6 y = R32 Approximate Expression 18.2 18.2 18.2 z = R1234(ze + yf) Approximate Expression 33.2 − a 33.2 − a 33.2 − a

TABLE 26 Point M_(r) Approximate Expression Using r and a (5.0 < a ≤ 7.5) M_(r) (r = R1234ze/(R1234ze + R1234yf)) Item Unit 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 Approximate HFO-1132 E mass % 48.6 48.6 48.6 48.6 48.6 48.6 48.6 48.6 48.6 Expression of R32 mass % 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.3 x, y, z Using a R1234(ze + yf) mass % 28.2 28.2 28.2 27.2 27.2 27.2 25.7 25.7 25.6 and r a = CO2 mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 7.5 7.5 7.5 r x = HFO-1132E Approximate Expression 48.6 48.6 48.6 y = R32 Approximate Expression 18.2 18.2 0.222r² − 0.1333r + 18.211 z = R1234(ze + yf) Approximate Expression 28.2 27.2 25.7 Approximate y a = CO2 5.0 6.0 7.5 Expression of Quadric Coefficient 0 0 0.222 x, y, z Using a Linear Coefficient 0 0 −0.133 and r Zeroth Order Coefficient 18.2 18.2 18.211 x Approximate Expression 48.6 y Approximate Expression (0.0592a² − 0.6512a + 1.776)r² + (−0.0355a² − 0.3901a − 1.062)r + (0.0029a² − 0.0323a + 18.29) z Approximate Expression 51.4 − a − y

TABLE 27 Point N_(r) Approximate Expression Using r and a (0 < a ≤ 1.0) N_(r) (r = R1234ze/(R1234ze + R1234yf)) Item Unit 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 Specific HFO-1132 E mass % 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 Coordinates R32 mass % 36.7 36.8 36.8 36.7 36.8 36.8 36.7 36.8 36.8 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 27.6 27.5 27.5 27.2 27.1 27.1 26.6 26.5 26.5 a = CO2 mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.4 0.4 1.0 1.0 1.0 r x = HFO-1132E 35.7 Approximate Approximate Expression Expression y = R32 Approximate −0.2778r² + 0.4167r + 36.661 Expression z = R1234(ze + yf) 51.4 − a − y Approximate Expression (1.0 < a ≤ 3.0) N_(r) (r = R1234ze/(R1234ze + R1234yf)) Item Unit 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 Specific HFO-1132 E mass % 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 Coordinates R32 mass % 36.7 36.8 36.8 36.7 36.8 36.8 36.7 36.8 36.8 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 26.6 26.5 26.5 25.6 25.5 25.5 24.6 24.5 24.5 a = CO2 mass % 1.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 r x = HFO-1132E 35.7 Approximate Approximate Expression Expression y = R32 Approximate −0.2778r² + 0.4167r + 36.661 Expression z = R1234(ze + yf) 51.4 − a − y Approximate Expression (3.0 < a ≤ 5.0) N_(r) (r = R1234ze/(R1234ze + R1234yf)) Item Unit 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 Approximate HFO-1132 E mass % 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 Expression of R32 mass % 36.7 36.8 36.8 36.8 36.8 36.8 36.8 36.8 36.8 x, y, z Using a R1234(ze + yf) mass % 24.6 24.5 24.5 23.5 23.5 23.5 22.5 22.5 22.5 and r a = CO2 mass % 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 x = HFO-1132E 35.7 35.7 35.7 Approximate Expression y = R32 −0.2778r² + 0.4167r + 36.661 36.8 36.8 Approximate Expression z = R1234(ze + yf) 64.3 − a − y 64.3 − a − y 64.3 − a − y Approximate Expression Approximate y a = CO2 3.0 4.0 5.0 Expression of Quadric −0.2778 0.0 0.0 x, y, z Using a Coefficient and r Linear 0.4167 0.0 0.0 Coefficient Zeroth Order 36.661 36.8 36.8 Coefficient x Approximate Expression 35.7 y Approximate Expression (−0.1389a² + 1.2501a − 2.778)r² + (0.2084a² − 1.87525 + 4.167)r + (−0.0695a² + 0.6255a + 35.41) z Approximate Expression 51.4 − y − a + B82:O108B81:O108B80:O108B77:O108B102AB68:O108

TABLE 28 Point Nr Approximate Expression Using r and a (5.0 < a ≤ 7.5) N_(r) (r = R1234ze/(R1234ze + R1234yf)) Item Unit 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 Approximate HFO-1132E mass % 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 Expression of R32 mass % 36.8 36.8 36.8 36.8 36.8 36.8 36.8 36.8 36.8 x, y, z Using a R1234(ze + yf) mass % 22.5 22.5 22.5 21.5 21.5 21.5 20.0 20.0 20.0 and r a = CO2 mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 7.5 7.5 7.5 x = HFO-1132E Approximate Expression 35.7 y = R32 Approximate Expression 36.8 z = R1234(ze + yf) Approximate Expression 27.5-a

TABLE 29 Point Or Approximate Expression Using r and a O_(i) (r = R1234ze/(R1234ze + R1234yf)) Item Unit 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 (0 < a ≤ 1.0) Specific HFO-1132E mass % 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 Coordinates R32 mass % 51.6 51.6 51.7 51.6 51.6 51.7 51.6 51.6 51.7 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 19.5 19.5 19.4 19.1 19.1 19.0 18.5 18.5 18.4 a = CO2 mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.4 0.4 1.0 1.0 1.0 r x = HFO-1132E Approximate 28.9 Approximate Expression Expression y = R32 Approximate −0.2222r² − 0.1333r + 51.611 Expression z = R1234(ze + yf) 71.1-a-y Approximate Expression (1.0 < a ≤ 3.0) Specific HFO-1132E mass % 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 Coordinates R32 mass % 51.6 51.6 51.7 51.6 51.7 51.7 51.6 51.7 51.7 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 18.5 18.5 18.4 17.5 17.4 17.4 16.5 16.4 16.4 a = CO2 mass % 1.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 r x = HFO-1132E Approximate 28.9 28.9 28.9 Approximate Expression Expression y = R32 Approximate 0.2222r² − 0.1333r + −0.2778r² + 0.4167r + −0.2778r² + 0.4167r + Expression 51.611 51.561 51.561 z = R1234(ze + yf) 71.1-a-y 71.1-a-y 71.1-a-y Approximate Expression Approximate y a = CO2 1.0 2.0 3.0 Expression of Quadric 0.2222 −0.2778 −0.2778 x, y, z Using a Coefficent and r Linear −0.1333 0.4167 0.4167 Coefficient Zeroth Order 51.611 51.561 51.561 Coefficient x Approximate Expression 28.9 y Approximate Expression (0.25a² − 1.25a + 1.2222)r² + (−0.275a² + 1.375a − 1.2333)r + (0.025a² − 0.125a + 51.711) z Approximate Expression 71.1-y-a

TABLE 30 Point Qr Approximate Expression Using r and a O_(i) (r = R1234ze/(R1234ze + R1234yf)) Item Unit 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 (3.0 < a ≤ 5.0) Specific HFO-1132E mass % 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 Coordinates R32 mass % 51.6 51.7 51.7 51.6 51.7 51.7 51.7 51.7 51.7 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 16.5 16.4 16.4 15.5 15.4 15.4 14.4 14.4 14.4 a = CO2 mass % 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 r x = HFO-1132E 28.9 28.9 28.9 Approximate Approximate Expression Expression y = R32 Approximate −0.2778r² + 0.4167r + −2.778r² + 0.4167r + 51.7 Expression 51.561 51.561 z = R1234(ze + yf) 71.1-a-y 71.1-a-y 71.1-a-y Approximate Expression Approximate y a = CO2 3.0 4.0 5.0 Expression of Quadric −0.2778 −0.2778 0.0 x, y, z Using a Coefficent and r Linear 0.4167 0.4167 0.0 Coefficient Zeroth Order 51.561 51.561 51.7 Coefficient x Approximate Expression 28.9 y Approximate Expression (0.1389a² − 0.9723a + 1.389)r² + (−0.2083a² + 1.4585a − 2.0845)r + (0.0695a² − 0.4865a + 52.395) z Approximate Expression 71.1-a-y (5.0 < a ≤ 7.5) Approximate HFO-1132E mass % 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 Expression of R32 mass % 51.7 51.7 51.7 51.7 51.7 51.7 51.7 51.7 51.7 x, y, z Using a R1234(ze + yf) mass % 14.4 14.4 14.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 11.9 11.9 11.9 and r a = CO2 mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 7.5 7.5 7.5 x = HFO-1132E 28.9 Approximate Expression y = R32 Approximate 51.7 Expression z = R1234(ze + yf) 19.4-a Approximate Expression

TABLE 31 Point B″r Approximate Expression Using r and a B″_(r) (r = R1234ze/(R1234ze + R1234yf)) Item Unit 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 (0 < a ≤ 1.0) Approximate HFO-1132E mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Expression of R32 mass % 51.4 51.5 51.5 51.4 51.5 51.5 51.5 51.5 51.5 x, y, z Using a R1234(ze + yf) mass % 48.6 48.5 48.5 48.2 48.1 48.1 47.5 47.5 47.5 and r a = CO2 mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.4 0.4 1.0 1.0 1.0 x = HFO-1132E Approximate 0.0 0.0 0.0 Expression y = R32 Approximate Expression −0.2778r² + 0.4167r + −0.2778r² + 0.4167r + 51.5 51.361 51.361 z = R1234(ze + yf) Approximate 100-a-y 100-a-y 100-a-y Expression Approximate y a = CO2 0.0 0.4 1.0 Expression of Quadric Coefficient −0.2778 −0.2778 0.0 x, y, z Using a Linear Coefficient 0.4167 0.4167 0.0 and r Zeroth Order 51.361 51.361 51.5 Coefficient x Approximate Expression 0.0 y Approximate Expression (0.463a² − 0.1852a − 0.2778)r² + (−0.6945a² + 0.2778a + 0.4167)r + (0.2317a² − 0.0927a + 51.361) z Approximate Expression 51.4-a-y (1.0 < a ≤ 3.0) Approximate HFO-1132E mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Expression of R32 mass % 51.5 51.5 51.5 51.4 51.5 51.5 51.4 51.5 51.6 x, y, z Using a R1234(ze + yf) mass % 47.5 47.5 47.5 46.6 46.5 46.5 45.6 45.5 45.4 and r a = CO2 mass % 1.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 x = HFO-1132E Approximate 0.0 0.0 0.0 Expression y = R32 Approximate Expression 51.5 −0.02778r² + 0.4167r + −0.0556r² + 0.2833r + 51.361 51.372 z = R1234(ze + yf) Approximate 100-a-y 100-a-y 100-a-y Expression Approximate y a = CO2 1.0 2.0 3.0 Expression of Quadric Coefficient 0.0 −0.2778 −0.0556 x, y, z Using a Linear Coefficient 0.0 0.4167 0.2833 and r Zeroth Order 51.5 51.361 51.372 Coefficient x Approximate Expression 0.0 y Approximate Expression (0.25a² − 1.0278a + 0.7778)r² + (−0.275a² + 1.2419a − 0.9668)r + (0.075a² − 0.364a + 51.789) z Approximate Expression 100-a-y

TABLE 32 Point B″r Approximate Expression Using r and a B″_(r) (r = R1234ze/(R1234ze + R1234yf)) Item Unit 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 (3.0 < a ≤ 5.0) Approximate HFO-1132E mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Expression of R32 mass % 51.4 51.5 51.6 51.4 51.5 51.6 51.4 51.5 51.6 x, y, z Using a R1234(ze + yf) mass % 45.6 45.5 45.4 44.6 44.5 44.4 43.6 43.5 43.4 and r a = CO2 mass % 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 x = HFO-1132E Approximate Expression 0.0 y = R32 Approximate Expression −0.0556r² + 0.2833r + 51.372 z = R1234(ze + yf) Approximate Expression 100-a-y (5.0 < a ≤ 7.5) Specific HFO-1132E mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Coordinates R32 mass % 51.4 51.5 51.6 51.4 51.5 51.6 51.4 51.5 51.6 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 43.6 43.5 43.4 42.6 42.5 42.4 41.1 41.0 40.9 a = CO2 mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 7.5 7.5 7.5 r x = HFO-1132E Approximate Expression 0.0 Approximate y = R32 Approximate Expression −0.0556r² + 0.2833r + 51.372 Expression z = R1234(ze + yf) Approximate Expression 100.0-a-y

TABLE 33 Point Hr Approximate Expression Using r and a H_(r) (r = R1234ze/(R1234ze + R1234yf)) Item Unit 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 (0 < a ≤ 1.0) Specfic HFO-1132E mass % 66.8 63.2 58.3 65.0 61.4 56.3 62.2 58.4 53.4 Coordinates R32 mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 33.2 36.8 41.7 34.6 38.2 43.3 36.8 40.6 45.6 CO2 mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.4 0.4 1.0 1.0 1.0 r x = HFO-1132E Approximate −0.8889r² − 8.4667r + −1.3333r² − 8.2r + −0.5556r² − 9.1667r + Approximate Expression 67.656 65.833 63.122 Expression y = R32 Approximate Expression 0.0 0.0 0.0 z = R1234(ze + yf) Approximate 100-a-x 100-a-x 100-a-x Expression Approximate x a = CO2 0.0 0.4 1.0 Expression of Quadric Coefficient −0.8889 −1.3333 −0.5556 x, y, z Using a Linear Coefficient −8.4667 −8.2 −9.1667 and r Zeroth Order 67.656 65.833 63.122 Coefficient x Approximate Expression (2.4072a² − 2.0739a − 0.8889)r² + (−2.2779a² + 1.5779a − 8.4667)r + (0.0392a² − 4.5732a + 67.656) y Approximate Expression 0.0 z Approximate Expression 100-a-x (1.0 < a ≤ 3.0) Specific HFO-1132E mass % 62.2 58.4 53.4 57.8 53.8 48.6 53.5 49.4 43.9 Coordinates R32 mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 36.8 40.6 45.6 40.2 44.2 49.4 43.5 47.6 53.1 CO2 mass % 1.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 r x = HFO-1132E Approximate −0.5556r² − 9.1667r + −0.4444r² − 9.7333r + −0.8333r² − 9.75r + Approximate Expression 63.122 58.778 54.483 Expression y = Approximate Expression 0.0 0.0 0.0 z = R1234(ze + yf) Approximate 100-a-x 100-a-x 100-a-x Expression Approximate x a = CO2 1.0 2.0 3.0 Expression of Quadric Coefficient −0.5556 −0.4444 −0.8333 x, y, z Using a Linear Coefficient −9.1667 −9.7333 −9.75 and r Zeroth Order 63.122 58.778 54.483 Coefficient x Approximate Expression (−0.25003a² + 0.8613a − 1.1669)r² + (0.275a² − 1.3914a − 8.0502)r + (0.0245a² − 4.4175a + 67.515) y Approximate Expression 0.0 z Approximate Expression 100-a-x

TABLE 34 Point Hr Approximate Expression Using r and a H_(r) (r = R1234ze/(R1234ze + R1234yf)) Item Unit 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 (3.0 < a ≤ 5.0) Specific HFO-1132E mass % 53.5 49.4 43.9 49.2 44.8 39.5 45.1 40.6 35.1 Coordinates R32 mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 43.5 47.6 53.1 46.8 51.2 56.5 49.9 54.4 59.9 CO2 mass % 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 r x = HFO-1132E Approximate −0.8333r² − 9.75r + 0.4444r² − 11.267r − 0.2778r² − 11.417r + Approximate Expression 54.483 50.322 46.239 Expression y = R32 Approximate Expression 0.0 0.0 0.0 z = R1234(ze + yf) Approximate 100-a-x 100-a-x 100-a-x Expression Approximate x a = CO2 3.0 4.0 5.0 Expression of Quadric Coefficient −0.8333 0.4444 0.2778 x, y, z Using a Linear Coefficient −9.75 −11.267 −11.417 and r Zeroth Order 54.483 50.322 46.239 Coefficient x Approximate Expression (−0.72215a² + 6.3327a − 13.332)r² + (0.6835a² − 63015a + 3.003)r + (0.039a² − 4.434a + 67.434) y Approximate Expression 0.0 z Approximate Expression 100-a-x (5.0 < a ≤ 7.5) Specific HFO-1132E mass % 45.1 40.6 35.1 41.0 36.4 30.9 35.1 30.3 24.8 Coordinates R32 mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 49.9 54.4 59.9 53.0 57.6 63.1 57.4 62.2 67.7 CO2 mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 7.5 7.5 7.5 r x = HFO-1132E Approximate 0.2778r² − 11.417r + 0.5556r² − 11.833r + 1.1111r² − 12.667r + Approximate Expression 46.239 42.178 36.356 Expression y = R32 Approximate Expression 0.0 0.0 0.0 z = R1234(ze + yf) Approximate 100-a-x 100-a-x 100-a-x Expression Approximate x a = CO2 5.0 6.0 7.5 Expression of Quadric Coefficient 0.2778 0.5556 1.1111 x, y, z Using a Linear Coefficient −11.417 −11.833 −12.667 and r Zeroth Order 46.239 42.178 36.356 Coefficient x Approximate Expression (0.037a² − 0.1293a − 0.0008)r² + (−0.056a² + 0.2a − 11.017)r + (0.0719a² − 4.8515a + 68.7) y Approximate Expression 0.0 z Approximate Expression 100-a-x

TABLE 35 Point K′r Approximate Expression Using r and a K′_(r) (r = R1234ze/(R1234ze + R1234yf)) Item Unit 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 (0 < a ≤ 1.0) Specific HFO-1132E mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Coordinates R32 mass % 51.4 46.6 40.3 50.2 45.4 39.1 48.4 43.6 37.4 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 48.6 53.4 59.7 49.4 54.2 60.5 50.6 55.4 61.6 CO2 mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.4 0.4 1.0 1.0 1.0 r x = HFO-1132E Approximate 0.0 0.0 0.0 Approximate Expression Expression y = R32 Approximate Expression −0.6667r² − 11.6r + −0.6667r² − 11.6r + −0.4444r² − 11.733r + 52.567 51.367 49.578 z = R1234(ze + yf) Approximate 100-a-y 100-a-y 100-a-y Expression Approximate y a = CO2 0.0 0.4 1.0 Expression of Quadric Coefficient −0.6667 −0.6667 −0.4444 x, y, z Using a Linear Coefficient −11.6 −11.6 −11.733 and r Zeroth Order 52.567 51.367 49.578 Coefficient x Approximate Expression 0.0 y Approximate Expresson (0.3705a² − 0.1482a − 0.6667)r² + (−0.2217a² + 0.0887a − 11.6)r + (0.0183a² − 3.0073a + 52.567) z Approximate Expression 100-a-y (1.0 < a ≤ 3.0) Specific HFO-1132E mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Coordinates R32 mass % 48.4 43.6 37.4 45.5 40.6 34.6 42.8 37.6 31.7 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 50.6 55.4 61.6 52.5 57.4 63.4 54.4 59.4 65.3 CO2 mass % 1.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 r x = HFO-1132E Approximate 0.0 0.0 0.0 Approximate Expression Expression y = R32 Approximate Expression −0.4444r² − 11.733r + 0.2778r² − 12.417r + 1.3333r² − 13.8r + 49.578 46.739 44.167 z = R1234(ze + yf) Approximate 100-a-y 100-a-y 100-a-y Expression Approximate y a = CO2 1.0 2.0 3.0 Expression of Quadric Coefficient −0.4444 0.2778 1.3333 x, y, z Using a Linear Coefficient −11.733 −12.417 −13.8 and r Zeroth Order 49.578 46.739 44.167 Coefficient x Approximate Expression 0.0 y Approximate Expression (0.16667a² + 0.2222a − 0.8333)r² + (−0.3495a² + 0.3645a − 11.748)r + (0.1335a² − 3.2395a + 52.684) z Approximate Expression 100-a-y

TABLE 36 Point K′r Approximate Expression Using r and a K′_(r) (r = R1234ze/(R1234ze + R1234yf)) Item Unit 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 (3.0 < a ≤ 5.0) Specific HFO-1132E mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Coordinates R32 mass % 42.8 37.6 31.7 39.7 34.8 28.9 36.8 31.3 26.1 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 54.4 59.4 65.3 56.3 61.2 67.1 58.2 63.2 68.9 CO2 mass % 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 r x = HFO-1132E Approximate 0.0 0.0 0.0 Approximate Expression Expression y = R32 Approximate Expression 1.3333r² − 13.8r + 0.5r² − 12.55r + 1.2222r² − 13.233r + 44.167 40.95 38.111 z = R1234(ze + yf) Approximate 100-a-y 100-a-y 100-a-y Expression Approximate y a = CO2 3.0 4.0 5.0 Expression of Quadric Coefficient 1.3333 0.5 1.2222 x, y, z Using a Linear Coefficient −13.8 −12.55 −13.233 and r Zeroth Order 44.167 40.95 38.111 Coefficient x Approximate Expression 0.0 y Approximate Expression (0.77775a² − 6.2775a + 13.166)r² + (−0.9665a² + 8.0155a − 29.148)r + (0.189a² − 4.54a + 56.086) z Approximate Expression 100-a-y (5.0 < a ≤ 7.5) Specific HFO-1132E mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Coordinates R32 mass % 36.8 31.8 26.1 33.9 28.9 23.3 29.6 24.5 19.1 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 58.2 63.2 68.9 60.1 65.1 70.7 62.9 68.0 73.4 CO2 mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 7.5 7.5 7.5 r x = HFO-1132E Approximate 0.0 0.0 0.0 Approximate Expression Expression y = R32 Approximate Expression 1.2222r² − 13.233r + 1.4444r² − 13.367r + 2.1667r² − 14.05r + 38.111 35.222 30.983 z = R1234(ze + yf) Approximate 100-a-y 100-a-y 100-a-y Expression Approximate y a = CO2 5.0 6.0 7.5 Expression of Quadric Coefficient 1.2222 1.4444 2.1667 x, y, z Using a Linear Coefficient −13.233 −13.367 −14.05 and r Zeroth Order 38.111 35.222 30.983 Coefficient x Approximate Expression 0.0 y Approximate Expression (0.10373a² − 0.9189a + 3.2232)r² + (−0.1285a² + 1.2799a − 16.419)r + (0.0252a² − 3.1662a + 53.312) z Approximate Expression 100-a-y

TABLE 37 Point Ir Approximate Expression Using r and a (0 < a ≤1.0) I_(r) (r = R1234ze/(R1234ze + R1234yf)) Item Unit 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 Specific HFO-1132E mass % 43.2 38.6 31.9 41.6 36.9 30.1 39.0 34.1 27.4 Coordinates R32 mass % 18.1 18.1 18.2 18.1 18.1 18.2 18.1 18.1 18.2 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 38.7 43.3 49.9 39.9 44.6 51.3 41.9 46.8 53.4 CO2 mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.4 0.4 1.0 1.0 1.0 r x = HFO-1132E Approximate −2.1111r² − 10.233r + −2.0556r² − 10.517r + −1.2778r² − 11.483r + Approximate Expression 44.244 42.672 40.161 Expression y = R32 Approximate Expression 100-a-x-z 100-a-x-z 100-a-x-z z = R1234(ze + yf) Approximate 1.8889r² + 10.367r + 1.8333r² + 10.65r + 1.0556r² + 11.617r + Expression 37.644 38.817 40.728 Approximate x a = CO2 0.0 0.4 1.0 Expression of Quadric Coefficient −2.1111 −2.0556 −1.2778 x, y, z Using a Linear Coefficient −10.233 −10.517 −11.483 and r Zeroth Order 44.244 42.672 40.161 Coefficient z a = CO2 0.0 0.4 1.0 Quadric Coefficient 1.8889 1.8333 1.0556 Linear Coefficient 10.367 10.65 11.617 Zeroth Order 37.644 38.817 40.728 Coefficient x Approximate Expression (1.1576a² − 0.3243a − 2.1111)r² + (−0.9a² − 035a − 10.233)r + (−0.255a² − 3.828a + 44.244) y Approximate Expression 100-a-x-z z Approximate Expression (−1.1572a² + 0.3239a + 1.8889)r² + (0.9042a² + 0.3458a + 10.367)r + (0.2525a² + 2.8315a + 37.644)

TABLE 38 Point Ir Approximate Expression Using r and a (1.0 < a ≤ 3.0) I_(r) (r = R1234ze/(R1234ze + R1234yf)) Item Unit 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 Specific HFO-1132E mass % 39.0 34.1 27.4 34.9 29.8 23.1 31.0 25.6 18.7 Coordinates R32 mass % 18.1 18.1 18.2 18.1 18.1 18.2 18.0 18.1 18.1 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 41.9 46.8 53.4 45.0 50.1 56.7 48.0 53.3 60.2 CO2 mass % 1.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 r x = HFO-1132E Approximate −1.2778r² − 11.483r + −0.7222r² − 12.317r + −0.3333r² − 13.3r + Approximate Expression 40.161 36.139 32.333 Expression y = R32 Approximate Expression 100-a-x-z 100-a-x-z 100-a-x-z z = R1234(ze + yf) Approximate 1.0556r² + 11.617r + 0.5r² + 12.45r + 0.6111r² + 12.883r + Expression 40.728 43.75 46.706 a 

x a = CO2 1.0 2.0 3.0

Quadric Coefficient −1.2778 −0.7222 −0.3333 x, y, z Linear Coefficient −11.483 −12.317 −13.3 Approximate Zeroth Order 40.161 36.139 32.333 Expression Coefficient z a = CO2 1.0 2.0 3.0 Quadric Coefficient 1.0556 0.5 0.6111 Linear Coefficient 11.617 12.45 12.833 Zeroth Order 40.728 43.75 46.705 Coefficient x Approximate Expression (−0.08337a² + 0.8057a − 2.0001)r² + (−0.0745a² − 0.6105a − 10.798)r + (0.108a² − 4.346a + 44.399) y Approximate Expression 100-a-x-z z Approximate Expression (0.33337a² − 1.5557a + 2.2779)r² + (−0.225a² + 1.508a + 10.334)r + (−0.033a² + 3.121a + 37.64)

TABLE 39 Point Ir Approximate Expression Using r and a (3.0 < a ≤ 5.0) I_(r) (r = R1234ze/(R1234ze + R1234yf)) Item Unit 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 Specific HFO-1132E mass % 31.0 25.6 18.7 26.9 21.5 14.8 23.1 17.5 10.7 Coordinates R32 mass % 18.0 18.1 18.1 18.0 18.1 18.1 18.0 18.1 18.1 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 48.0 53.3 60.2 51.1 56.4 63.1 53.9 59.4 66.2 CO2 mass % 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 r x = HFO-1132E Approximate Expression −0.3333r² − 13.3r + 32.333 0.1111r² − 13.567r + 28.256 0.4444r² + 14.267r + 24.522 Approximate y = R32 Approximate Expression 100-x-z-a 100-x-z-a 100-x-z-a Expression z = R1234(ze + yf) Approximate Expression 0.6111r² + 12.883r + 46.706 0.1667r² + 13.15r + 49.783 −0.1667r² + 13.85r + 52.517 Approximate x a = CO2 3.0 4.0 5.0 Expression of Quadric Coefficient −0.3333 0.1111 0.4444 x, y, z Using a Linear Coefficient −13.3 −13.567 −14.267 and r Zeroth Order Coefficient 32.333 28.256 24.522 z a = CO2 3.0 4.0 5.0 Quadric Coefficient 0.6111 0.1667 −0.1667 Linear Coefficient 12.833 13.15 13.85 Zeroth Order Coefficient 46.706 49.783 52.517 x Approximate Expression (−0.05554a² + 0.8332a − 2.3331)r² + (−0.2165a² + 1.2485a − 15.097)r + (0.1715a² − 5.2775a + 46.622) y Approximate Expression 100-x-z-a z Approximate Expression (0.0556a² − 0.8329a + 2.6103)r² + (0.1915a² − 1.0235a + 14.18)r + (−0.1715a² + 4.2775a + 35.417)

TABLE 40 Point Ir I_(r) (r = R1234ze/(R1234ze + R1234yf)) Item Unit 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.0 Specific HFO-1132E mass % 23.1 17.5 10.7 19.3 13.7 7.0 13.9 8.0 1.4 Coordinates R32 mass % 18.0 18.1 18.1 18.0 18.0 18.0 17.9 18.0 18.0 R1234(ze + yf) mass % 53.9 59.4 66.2 56.7 62.3 69.0 60.7 66.5 73.1 CO2 mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 7.5 7.5 7.5 r x = HFO-1132E Approximate Expression 0.4444r² − 14.267r + 24.522 0.6667r² − 14.4r + 20.733 1.7222r² − 15.783r + 15.461 Approximate y = R32 Approximate Expression 100-a-x-z 100-a-x-z 100-a-x-z Expression z = R1234(ze + yf) Approximate Expression −0.1667r² + 13.85r + 52.517 −0.6667r² + 14.4r + 55.267 −1.4444r² + 15.367r + 59.178 a 

x a = CO2 5.0 6.0 7.5

Quadric Coefficient 0.4444 0.6667 1.7222 x, y, z Linear Coefficient −14.267 −14.4 −15.783 Approximate Zeroth Order Coefficient 24.522 20.733 15.461 Expression z a = CO2 5.0 6.0 7.5 Quadric Coefficient −0.1667 −0.6667 −1.4444 Linear Coefficient 13.85 14.4 15.367 Zeroth Order Coefficient 52.517 55.267 59.178 x Approximate Expression (0.19254a² − 1.8957a + 5.1093)r² + (−0.3156a² + 3.3386a − 23.07)r + (0.1097a² − 4.9961a + 46.759) y Approximate Expression 100-a-x-z z Approximate Expression (−0.0074a² − 0.4187a + 2.1117)r² + (0.0379a² + 0.1335a + 12.236)r + (−0.0571a² + 3.3777a + 37.055)

Example C

Mixed refrigerants were prepared such that the mass % of HFO-1132(E), the mass % of R32, the mass % of the sum of R1234ze and R1234yf, and the mass % of CO₂ were as shown in Tables 41 to 72 based on the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, R1234yf, and CO₂, and evaluated in the same manner as in Example A. Tables 41 to 72 show the results. The letter “r” represents R1234yf/(R1234ze+R1234yf).

TABLE 41 0.4% CO₂ r = 0 Item Unit Com Ex302 Example127 Com Ex303 Com Ex304 Example128 Example129 Com Ex305 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 mass % 54.6 49.6 39.6 54.6 49.6 39.6 29.6 R1234(ze + yf) (r = 0) mass % 35.0 40.0 50.0 25.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 CO2 mass % 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 GWP — 371 337 270 370 337 270 203 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 101 103.2 104.0 101.6 101.9 102.6 103.6 Refrigerating Capacity % (relative to R410A) 90 86.0 78.6 96.7 93.1 85.5 77.7 Ratio Condensation Glide ° C. 5.6 6.5 8.6 4.1 5.1 7.1 9.1 Item Unit Com Ex306 Exemple130 Example131 Com Ex307 Com Ex308 Example132 Com Ex309 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 R32 mass % 54.6 44.6 34.6 19.6 34.6 24.6 14.6 R1234(ze + yf) (r = 0) mass % 15.0 25.0 35.0 50.0 25.0 35.0 45.0 CO2 mass % 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 GWP — 370 303 236 136 235 169 102 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 100.5 100.9 101.6 103.2 100.4 101.3 102.4 Refrigerating Capacity % (relative to R410A) 103.5 96.1 88.3 76.0 94.8 86.7 78.1 Ratio Condensation Glide ° C. 2.5 4.4 6.4 9.3 4.5 6.5 8.3 Item Unit Com Ex310 Example133 Com Ex311 Com Ex312 Example134 Com Ex313 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 50.0 50.0 50.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 R32 mass % 19.6 14.6 9.6 12.1 7.1 2.1 R1234(ze + yf) (r = 0) mass % 30.0 35.0 40.0 27.5 32.5 37.5 CO2 mass % 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 GWP — 135 101 68 84 50 17 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 100.6 101.2 101.7 100.4 101.0 101.6 Refrigerating Capacity % (relative to R410A) 88.7 84.3 79.7 88.1 83.4 78.6 Ratio Condensation Glide ° C. 5.6 6.5 7.2 5.0 5.7 6.2

TABLE 42 0.4% CO₂ r = 0.25 Item Unit Com Ex314 Example135 Com Ex315 Com Ex316 Example136 Example137 Com Ex317 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 mass % 54.6 49.6 34.6 54.6 49.6 39.6 24.6 R1234(ze + yf) (r = 0.25) mass % 35.0 40.0 55.0 25.0 30.0 40.0 55.0 CO2 mass % 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 GWP — 371 337 237 370 331 210 169 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 102.4 102.6 103.7 101.3 101.5 102.0 103.3 Refrigerating Capacity % (relative to R410A) 91.3 87.8 76.9 97.9 94.5 87.3 75.7 Ratio Condensation Glide ° C. 4.7 5.5 8.2 3.5 4.3 6.0 8.7 Item Unit Com Ex318 Example138 Example139 Com Ex319 Com Ex320 Example140 Com Ex321 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 R32 mass % 54.6 44.6 34.6 19.6 34.6 24.6 9.6 R1234(ze + yf) (r = 0.25) mass % 15.0 25.0 35.0 50.0 25.0 35.0 50.0 CO2 mass % 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 GWP — 370 303 236 135 235 168 68 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 100.4 100.7 101.1 102.4 100.1 100.8 102.3 Refrigerating Capacity % (relative to R410A) 104.2 97.3 89.9 77.9 96.0 88.1 75.3 Ratio Condensation Glide ° C. 2.2 3.7 5.4 8.1 3.9 5.6 7.8 Item Unit Com Ex322 Example141 Com Ex323 Com Ex324 Example142 Com Ex325 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 50.0 50.0 50.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 R32 mass % 19.6 14.6 4.6 12.1 7.1 0.0 R1234(ze + yf) (r = 0.25) mass % 30.0 35.0 45.0 27.5 32.5 39.6 CO2 mass % 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 GWP — 134 101 34 84 50 3 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 100.2 100.7 101.7 100.1 100.6 101.3 Refrigerating Capacity % (relative to R410A) 89.9 85.6 76.6 89.2 84.7 77.9 Ratio Condensation Glide ° C. 4.8 5.6 6.7 4.4 5.0 5.4

TABLE 43 0.4% CO₂ r = 0.5 Item Unit Com Ex326 Example143 Example144 Com Ex327 Com Ex328 Example145 Example146 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 mass % 54.6 49.6 39.6 34.6 54.6 49.6 39.6 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 35.0 40.0 50.0 55.0 25.0 30.0 40.0 (r = 0.5) CO2 mass % 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 GWP — 370 337 270 236 370 337 270 COP ratio % (relative 102 102.1 102.5 102.9 101.1 101.2 101.4 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 93 89.6 82.7 79.0 99.0 95.8 89.0 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 3.8 4.5 6.1 6.9 2.8 3.5 5.0 Item Unit Com Ex329 Com Ex330 Example147 Example148 Com Ex331 Com Ex332 Example149 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 20.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 40.0 40.0 R32 mass % 24.6 54.6 39.6 29.6 19.6 34.6 24.6 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 55.0 15.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 25.0 35.0 (r = 0.5) CO2 mass % 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 GWP — 169 370 269 202 135 235 168 COP ratio % (relative 102.4 100.2 100.5 100.9 101.7 99.8 100.3 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 77.7 104.9 95.0 87.7 79.8 97.1 89.6 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 7.4 1.8 3.8 5.3 6.9 3.2 4.7 Item Unit Example150 Com Ex333 Com Ex334 Example151 Example152 Com Ex335 Com Ex336 Example153 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 40.0 40.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 60.0 60.0 R32 mass % 19.6 9.6 19.6 14.6 9.6 4.6 12.1 7.1 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 40.0 50.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 27.5 32.5 (r = 0.5) CO2 mass % 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 GWP — 135 68 134 101 67 34 84 50 COP ratio % (relative 100.6 101.6 99.8 100.2 100.7 101.1 99.7 100.2 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 85.6 77.1 91.1 87.0 82.7 78.1 90.3 85.9 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 5.5 6.7 4.1 4.8 5.3 5.7 3.7 4.2

TABLE 44 0.4% CO₂ r = 0.75 Item Unit Com Ex337 Example154 Example155 Com Ex338 Com Ex339 Example156 Example157 Com Ex340 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 mass % 54.6 49.6 39.6 29.6 54.6 49.6 39.6 24.6 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 35.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 25.0 30.0 40.0 55.0 (r = 0.75) CO2 mass % 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 GWP — 370 337 270 203 370 336 269 169 COP ratio % (relative 101.6 101.7 101.9 102.9 100.8 100.8 100.9 101.6 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 94.4 91.3 84.7 77.4 100.2 97.2 90.7 79.7 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 3.0 3.5 4.9 6.4 2.3 2.8 4.0 6.2 Item Unit Com Ex341 Example158 Example159 Com Ex342 Com Ex343 Example160 Example161 Com Ex344 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 R32 mass % 54.6 39.6 29.6 14.6 34.6 24.6 19.6 9.6 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 15.0 30.0 40.0 55.0 25.0 35.0 40.0 50.0 (r = 0.75) CO2 mass % 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 GWP — 370 269 202 101 235 168 135 57 COP ratio % (relative 100.1 100.1 100.4 101.3 99.6 99.8 100.1 100.9 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 105.6 96.3 89.3 77.5 98.2 91.0 87.1 78.7 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 1.4 3.0 4.3 6.4 2.6 3.9 4.5 5.7 Item Unit Com Ex345 Example162 Example163 Com Ex346 Com Ex347 Example164 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 60.0 60.0 R32 mass % 19.6 14.6 9.6 4.6 12.1 7.1 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 27.5 32.5 (r = 0.75) CO2 mass % 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 GWP — 134 101 67 34 84 50 COP ratio % (relative 99.5 99.8 100.1 100.6 99.4 99.8 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 92.3 88.3 84.1 79.7 91.3 87.1 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 3.4 4.0 4.5 4.9 3.1 3.5

TABLE 45 1% CO₂ r = 0 Item Unit Com Ex348 Example165 Com Ex349 Com Ex350 Example166 Example167 Com Ex351 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 mass % 54.0 49.0 39.0 54.0 49.0 39.0 29.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 35.0 40.0 50.0 25.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 (r = 0) CO2 mass % 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 GWP — 367 333 266 366 333 266 199 COP ratio % (relative 103 102.9 103.8 101.4 101.6 102.3 103.3 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 91 86.9 79.4 97.6 94.0 86.4 78.6 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 6.0 7.0 9.1 4.5 5.5 7.6 9.7 Item Unit Com Ex352 Example168 Example169 Com Ex353 Com Ex354 Example170 Com Ex355 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 R32 mass % 54.0 39.0 29.0 19.0 34.0 24.0 14.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 15.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 25.0 35.0 45.0 (r = 0) CO2 mass % 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 GWP — 366 265 198 132 231 165 98 COP ratio % (relative 100.3 101.0 101.8 103.0 100.2 101.0 102.1 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 104.4 93.2 85.2 76.9 95.8 87.6 79.0 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 2.9 5.8 8.0 10.0 5.0 7.1 9.0 Item Unit Com Ex356 Example171 Com Ex357 Com Ex358 Example172 Com Ex359 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 50.0 50.0 50.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 R32 mass % 24.0 14.0 4.0 11.5 6.5 0.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 25.0 35.0 45.0 27.5 32.5 39.0 (r = 0) CO2 mass % 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 GWP — 164 97 30 80 46 3 COP ratio % (relative 99.9 100.9 102.1 100.1 100.7 101.4 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 93.9 85.2 75.9 89.0 84.4 78.1 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 5.2 7.1 8.5 5.6 6.4 7.1

TABLE 46 1% CO₂ r = 0.25 Item Unit Com Ex360 Example173 Com Ex361 Com Ex362 Example174 Example175 Com Ex363 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 mass % 54.0 49.0 34.0 54.0 49.0 39.0 24.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 35.0 40.0 55.0 25.0 30.0 40.0 55.0 (r = 0.25) CO2 mass % 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 GWP — 367 333 233 366 333 266 165 COP ratio % (relative 102.2 102.4 103.5 101.1 101.3 101.7 103.0 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 92.2 88.7 77.7 98.8 95.4 88.1 76.6 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 5.1 6.0 8.8 3.9 4.7 6.5 9.4 Item Unit Com Ex364 Example176 Example177 Com Ex365 Com Ex366 Example178 Com Ex367 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 R32 mass % 54.0 39.0 29.0 19.0 34.0 24.0 9.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 15.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 25.0 35.0 50.0 (r = 0.25) CO2 mass % 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 GWP — 366 265 198 131 231 164 64 COP ratio % (relative 100.1 100.6 101.2 102.2 99.9 100.5 102.0 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 105.1 94.5 86.9 78.8 96.9 89.0 76.2 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 2.5 5.0 6.9 8.7 4.3 6.2 8.5 Item Unit Com Ex368 Example179 Com Ex369 Com Ex370 Example180 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 50.0 50.0 50.0 60.0 60.0 R32 mass % 24.0 14.0 4.0 11.5 6.5 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 25.0 35.0 45.0 27.5 32.5 (r = 0.25) CO2 mass % 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 GWP — 164 97 30 80 46 COP ratio % (relative 99.6 100.4 101.4 99.8 100.3 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 95.0 86.6 77.5 90.2 85.7 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 4.5 6.2 7.5 5.0 5.6

TABLE 47 1% CO₂ r = 0.5 Item Unit Com Ex371 Example181 Example182 Com Ex372 Com Ex373 Example183 Com Ex184 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 mass % 54.0 49.0 39.0 29.0 54.0 49.0 39.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 35.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 25.0 30.0 40.0 (r = 0.5) CO2 mass % 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 GWP — 366 333 266 199 366 332 265 COP ratio % (relative 102 101.9 102.3 103.0 100.8 100.9 101.2 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 94 90.5 83.5 76.1 100.0 96.7 89.9 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 4.2 5.0 6.6 8.3 3.2 3.9 5.5 Item Unit Com Ex374 Com Ex375 Example185 Example186 Com Ex376 Com Ex377 Example187 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 20.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 40.0 40.0 R32 mass % 24.0 54.0 39.0 29.0 14.0 34.0 24.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 55.0 15.0 30.0 40.0 55.0 25.0 35.0 (r = 0.5) CO2 mass % 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 GWP — 165 366 265 198 98 231 164 COP ratio % (relative 102.2 100.0 100.2 100.7 101.9 99.6 100.0 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 78.6 105.8 95.9 88.6 76.5 98.0 90.5 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 8.0 2.1 4.2 5.8 8.2 3.7 5.2 Item Unit Com Ex378 Com Ex379 Example188 Com Ex380 Com Ex381 Example189 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 40.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 60.0 60.0 R32 mass % 9.0 24.0 14.0 4.0 11.5 6.5 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 50.0 25.0 35.0 45.0 27.5 32.5 (r = 0.5) CO2 mass % 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 GWP — 64 164 97 30 80 46 COP ratio % (relative 101.3 99.3 99.9 100.8 99.5 99.9 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 78.0 96.0 88.0 79.1 91.3 86.9 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 7.4 3.9 5.3 6.5 4.3 4.9

TABLE 48 1% CO₂ r = 0.75 Item Unit Com Ex382 Example190 Example191 Com Ex383 Com Ex384 Example192 Example193 Example194 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 mass % 54.0 49.0 39.0 24.0 54.0 49.0 39.0 29.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 35.0 40.0 50.0 65.0 25.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 (r = 0.75) CO2 mass % 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 GWP — 366 333 266 165 366 332 265 198 COP ratio % (relative 101.4 101.5 101.6 102.5 100.6 100.6 100.7 101.0 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 95.3 92.2 85.5 74.3 101.1 98.1 91.6 84.4 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 3.4 4.0 5.4 7.8 2.6 3.2 4.4 6.0 Item Unit Com Ex385 Com Ex386 Example195 Example196 Example197 Com Ex387 Com Ex388 Example198 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 20.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 40.0 40.0 R32 mass % 19.0 54.0 39.0 29.0 19.0 9.0 34.0 24.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 60.0 15.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 25.0 35.0 (r = 0.75) CO2 mass % 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 GWP — 131 365 265 198 131 64 231 164 COP ratio % (relative 101.8 99.8 99.9 100.1 100.7 101.6 99.3 99.6 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 76.6 106.5 97.2 90.2 82.5 73.9 99.1 91.9 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 7.6 1.8 3.4 4.8 6.3 7.6 3.0 4.4 Item Unit Example199 Com Ex389 Com Ex390 Example200 Example201 Com Ex391 Example202 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 40.0 40.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 60.0 60.0 R32 mass % 14.0 4.0 24.0 14.0 4.0 11.5 6.5 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 45.0 55.0 25.0 35.0 45.0 27.5 32.5 (r = 0.75) CO2 mass % 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 GWP — 97 30 164 97 30 79 46 COP ratio % (relative 100.2 101.1 99.0 99.5 100.3 99.1 99.5 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 84.0 75.1 97.1 89.3 80.6 92.3 88.1 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 5.8 6.8 3.2 4.5 5.6 3.7 4.2

TABLE 49 2% CO₂ r = 0 Item Unit Com Ex392 Example203 Com Ex393 Com Ex394 Example204 Example205 Com Ex395 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 mass % 58.0 48.0 33.0 58.0 48.0 38.0 23.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 30.0 40.0 55.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 55.0 (r = 0) CO2 mass % 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 GWP — 393 327 226 393 326 259 159 COP ratio % (relative 102 102.6 104.0 100.8 101.2 101.9 103.6 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 96 88.4 77.0 102.7 95.5 87.9 76.0 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 5.8 7.8 11.2 4.2 6.2 8.4 11.8 Item Unit Com Ex396 Example206 Example207 Com Ex397 Com Ex398 Example208 Com Ex399 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 R32 mass % 58.0 38.0 28.0 18.0 38.0 23.0 8.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 10.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 20.0 35.0 50.0 (r = 0) CO2 mass % 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 GWP — 392 259 192 125 258 158 57 COP ratio % (relative 99.8 100.6 101.4 102.6 99.5 100.5 102.3 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 109.5 94.7 86.8 78.4 101.3 89.1 76.0 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 2.6 6.6 8.9 11.0 4.7 8.0 10.9 Item Unit Com Ex400 Example209 Com Ex401 Com Ex402 Example210 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 50.0 50.0 50.0 60.0 60.0 R32 mass % 23.0 13.0 3.0 13.0 5.5 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 25.0 35.0 45.0 25.0 32.5 (r = 0) CO2 mass % 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 GWP — 157 90 23 90 40 COP ratio % (relative 99.4 100.4 101.5 99.4 100.1 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 95.5 86.8 77.5 92.9 86.0 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 6.0 8.1 9.8 5.1 7.5

TABLE 50 2% CO₂ r = 0.25 Item Unit Com Ex403 Example211 Example212 Com Ex404 Com Ex405 Example213 Example214 Com Ex406 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 mass % 58.0 48.0 38.0 28.0 58.0 48.0 38.0 23.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 55.0 (r = 0.25) CO2 mass % 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 GWP — 393 326 259 192 393 326 259 158 COP ratio % (relative 101.7 102.0 102.7 103.6 100.6 100.9 101.4 102.7 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 97.0 90.2 82.9 75.3 103.7 96.9 89.6 78.0 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 5.0 6.8 8.8 10.5 3.7 5.4 7.3 10.4 Item Unit Com Ex407 Example215 Example216 Example217 Com Ex408 Com Ex409 Example218 Example219 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 R32 mass % 58.0 43.0 33.0 23.0 13.0 38.0 23.0 13.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 10.0 25.0 35.0 45.0 55.0 20.0 35.0 45.0 (r = 0.25) CO2 mass % 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 GWP — 392 292 225 158 91 258 158 91 COP ratio % (relative 99.7 100.0 100.5 101.3 102.3 99.2 100.1 101.0 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 110.0 99.7 92.3 84.4 76.0 102.2 90.6 82.2 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 2.4 4.8 6.7 8.8 10.6 4.1 7.0 8.9 Item Unit Com Ex410 Com Ex411 Example220 Example221 Com Ex412 Example222 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 40.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 60.0 60.0 R32 mass % 8.0 23.0 13.0 0.0 13.0 5.5 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 50.0 25.0 35.0 48.0 25.0 32.5 (r = 0.25) CO2 mass % 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 GWP — 57 157 90 3 90 40 COP ratio % (relative 101.5 99.1 99.9 101.2 99.1 99.7 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 77.8 96.6 88.2 76.3 94.0 87.3 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 9.7 5.3 7.2 9.0 5.5 6.7

TABLE 51 2% CO₂ r = 0.5 Item Unit Com Ex413 Example223 Example224 Com Ex414 Com Ex415 Example225 Example226 Example227 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 mass % 58.0 48.0 38.0 28.0 58.0 48.0 38.0 28.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 (r = 0.5) CO2 mass % 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 GWP — 393 326 259 192 393 326 259 192 COP ratio % (relative 101 101.6 102.0 102.7 100.4 100.5 100.8 101.4 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 98 91.9 85.0 77.5 104.6 98.3 91.4 84.0 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 4.2 5.7 7.4 9.3 3.2 4.6 6.2 8.1 Item Unit Com Ex416 Com Ex417 Example228 Example229 Example230 Com Ex418 Com Ex419 Example231 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 20.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 40.0 40.0 R32 mass % 18.0 58.0 43.0 33.0 23.0 13.0 38.0 23.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 60.0 10.0 25.0 35.0 45.0 55.0 20.0 35.0 (r = 0.5) CO2 mass % 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 GWP — 125 392 292 225 158 91 258 157 COP ratio % (relative 102.3 99.5 99.7 100.0 100.6 101.5 99.0 99.6 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 76.0 110.4 100.9 93.8 86.2 78.0 103.2 92.0 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 9.9 2.1 4.1 5.7 7.6 9.3 3.6 6.1 Item Unit Example232 Com Ex420 Com Ex421 Example233 Example234 Com Ex422 Example235 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 40.0 40.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 60.0 60.0 R32 mass % 13.0 3.0 23.0 13.0 0.0 13.0 5.5 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 45.0 55.0 25.0 35.0 48.0 25.0 32.5 (r = 0.5) CO2 mass % 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 GWP — 90 23 157 90 3 90 39 COP ratio % (relative 100.4 101.4 98.8 99.5 100.7 98.8 99.4 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 83.9 74.9 97.6 89.6 77.8 95.0 88.5 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 7.8 9.1 4.6 5.3 8.0 4.9 5.9

TABLE 52 2% CO₂ r = 0.75 Item Unit Com Ex423 Example236 Example237 Com Ex424 Com Ex425 Example238 Example239 Example240 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 mass % 58.0 48.0 38.0 23.0 58.0 48.0 38.0 28.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 30.0 40.0 50.0 65.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 (r = 0.75) CO2 mass % 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 GWP — 393 326 259 158 393 326 259 191 COP ratio % (relative 101.0 101.1 101.3 102.2 100.2 100.2 100.3 100.7 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 99.8 93.7 86.9 75.7 105.5 99.6 93.0 85.9 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 3.5 4.7 6.2 8.8 2.7 3.8 5.2 6.8 Item Unit Com Ex426 Com Ex427 Example241 Example242 Example243 Com Ex428 Com Ex429 Example244 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 20.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 40.0 40.0 R32 mass % 13.0 58.0 43.0 33.0 23.0 8.0 38.0 23.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 65.0 10.0 25.0 35.0 45.0 60.0 20.0 35.0 (r = 0.75) CO2 mass % 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 GWP — 91 392 292 225 158 57 258 157 COP ratio % (relative 101.9 99.4 99.4 99.6 100.0 101.2 98.8 99.2 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 73.7 110.9 102.0 95.3 87.9 75.4 104.1 93.4 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 9.4 1.9 3.5 4.8 6.4 8.8 3.1 5.2 Item Unit Example245 Com Ex430 Com Ex431 Example246 Example247 Com Ex432 Example248 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 40.0 40.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 60.0 60.0 R32 mass % 13.0 0.0 23.0 13.0 3.0 13.0 5.5 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 45.0 58.0 25.0 35.0 45.0 25.0 32.5 (r = 0.75) CO2 mass % 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 GWP — 90 3 157 90 23 89 39 COP ratio % (relative 99.8 101.0 98.5 99.0 99.8 98.5 99.0 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 85.5 73.7 98.7 90.9 82.2 96.0 89.7 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 6.7 8.2 4.0 5.4 6.7 4.3 5.2

TABLE 53 3% CO₂ r = 0 Item Unit Com Ex433 Example249 Com Ex434 Com Ex435 Example250 Example251 Com Ex436 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 mass % 57.0 47.0 32.0 57.0 47.0 37.0 22.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 30.0 40.0 55.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 55.0 (r = 0) CO2 mass % 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 GWP — 387 320 219 386 319 252 152 COP ratio % (relative 102 102.2 103.7 100.4 100.9 101.6 103.2 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 97 89.8 78.4 104.2 97.0 89.4 77.4 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 6.4 8.6 12.1 4.8 6.9 9.2 12.8 Item Unit Com Ex437 Example252 Example253 Com Ex438 Com Ex439 Example254 Com Ex440 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 R32 mass % 57.0 37.0 27.0 12.0 37.0 22.0 7.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 10.0 30.0 40.0 55.0 20.0 35.0 50.0 (r = 0) CO2 mass % 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 GWP — 386 252 185 85 251 151 51 COP ratio % (relative 99.4 100.2 101.0 102.8 99.0 100.2 101.9 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 111.1 96.2 88.3 75.6 102.9 90.7 77.6 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 3.1 7.3 9.7 13.1 5.3 8.8 12.1 Item Unit Com Ex441 Example255 Com Ex442 Com Ex443 Example256 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 50.0 50.0 50.0 60.0 60.0 R32 mass % 22.0 12.0 0.0 12.0 4.5 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 25.0 35.0 47.0 25.0 32.5 (r = 0) CO2 mass % 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 GWP — 151 84 3 83 33 COP ratio % (relative 99.0 100.0 101.3 98.9 99.7 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 97.1 88.4 77.2 94.6 87.7 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 6.7 9.0 11.3 7.0 8.5

TABLE 54 3% CO₂ r = 0.25 Item Unit Com Ex444 Example257 Example258 Com Ex445 Com Ex446 Example259 Example260 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 mass % 57.0 47.0 37.0 27.0 57.0 47.0 37.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 30.0 30.0 40.0 (r = 0.25) CO2 mass % 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 GWP — 387 320 253 186 386 319 252 COP ratio % (relative 101.3 101.7 102.3 103.3 100.2 100.5 101.0 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 98.5 91.6 84.4 76.7 105.2 98.4 91.1 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 5.6 7.5 9.6 11.8 4.3 6.1 8.1 Item Unit Example261 Com Ex447 Com Ex448 Example262 Example263 Com Ex449 Com Ex450 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 20.0 20.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 40.0 R32 mass % 27.0 17.0 57.0 37.0 27.0 12.0 37.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 50.0 60.0 10.0 30.0 40.0 55.0 20.0 (r = 0.25) CO2 mass % 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 GWP — 185 118 386 252 185 84 251 COP ratio % (relative 101.8 102.9 99.3 99.8 100.4 101.9 98.8 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 83.5 75.4 111.6 97.6 90.0 77.6 103.8 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 10.3 12.5 2.9 6.4 8.6 11.8 4.7 Item Unit Example264 Example265 Com Ex451 Com Ex452 Example266 Com Ex453 Example267 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 40.0 40.0 40.0 50.0 50.0 60.0 60.0 R32 mass % 22.0 12.0 2.0 22.0 12.0 12.0 4.5 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 35.0 45.0 55.0 25.0 35.0 25.0 32.5 (r = 0.25) CO2 mass % 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 GWP — 151 84 17 150 83 83 33 COP ratio % (relative 99.7 100.6 101.6 98.7 99.5 98.6 99.3 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 92.2 83.8 74.7 98.2 89.8 95.6 89.0 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 7.9 10.0 11.7 6.1 8.1 6.4 7.8

TABLE 55 3% CO₂ r = 0.5 Item Unit Com Ex454 Example268 Example269 Com Ex455 Com Ex456 Example270 Example271 Example272 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 mass % 57.0 47.0 37.0 22.0 57.0 47.0 37.0 27.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 30.0 40.0 50.0 65.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 (r = 0.5) CO2 mass % 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 GWP — 386 319 252 152 386 319 252 185 COP ratio % (relative 101 101.2 101.6 102.8 100.0 100.2 100.4 101.0 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 100 93.4 86.4 74.9 106.2 99.8 92.9 85.4 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 4.8 6.4 8.3 11.3 3.8 5.2 7.0 9.0 Item Unit Com Ex457 Com Ex458 Example273 Example274 Example275 Com Ex459 Com Ex460 Example276 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 20.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 40.0 40.0 R32 mass % 17.0 57.0 37.0 27.0 17.0 7.0 37.0 22.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 60.0 10.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 20.0 35.0 (r = 0.5) CO2 mass % 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 GWP — 118 386 252 185 118 51 251 151 COP ratio % (relative 101.9 99.2 99.4 99.9 100.6 101.6 98.6 99.2 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 77.5 112.0 99.0 91.6 83.7 75.0 104.8 93.6 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 11.0 2.6 5.6 7.5 9.5 11.2 4.2 6.9 Item Unit Example277 Com Ex461 Com Ex462 Example278 Example279 Com Ex463 Example280 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 40.0 40.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 60.0 60.0 R32 mass % 12.0 2.0 22.0 12.0 2.0 12.0 4.5 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 45.0 55.0 25.0 35.0 45.0 25.0 32.5 (r = 0.5) CO2 mass % 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 GWP — 84 17 150 83 16 83 33 COP ratio % (relative 100.0 100.9 98.4 99.0 99.9 98.3 98.9 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 85.5 76.4 99.2 91.2 82.3 96.7 90.2 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 8.8 10.4 5.4 7.2 8.8 5.7 7.0

TABLE 56 3% CO₂ r = 0.75 Item Unit Com Ex464 Example281 Example282 Example283 Com Ex465 Com Ex466 Example284 Example285 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 mass % 57.0 47.0 37.0 27.0 22.0 57.0 47.0 37.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 65.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 (r = 0.75) CO2 mass % 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 GWP — 386 319 252 185 152 386 319 252 COP ratio % (relative 100.7 100.7 100.9 101.5 101.9 99.8 99.8 99.9 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 101.3 95.2 88.4 81.0 77.1 107.1 101.1 94.5 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 4.1 5.4 7.0 8.8 9.8 3.3 4.4 5.9 Item Unit Example286 Com Ex467 Com Ex468 Example287 Example288 Example289 Com Ex469 Com Ex470 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 20.0 20.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 40.0 R32 mass % 27.0 12.0 57.0 37.0 27.0 17.0 7.0 37.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 50.0 65.0 10.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 20.0 (r = 0.75) CO2 mass % 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 GWP — 185 84 386 251 184 117 50 251 COP ratio % (relative 100.3 101.6 99.1 99.1 99.3 99.9 100.8 98.4 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 87.3 75.2 112.5 100.3 93.2 85.5 76.9 105.7 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 7.7 10.5 2.4 4.8 6.4 8.2 10.0 3.7 Item Unit Example290 Example291 Com Ex471 Com Ex472 Example292 Example293 Com Ex473 Example294 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 40.0 40.0 40.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 60.0 50.0 R32 mass % 22.0 12.0 2.0 22.0 12.0 2.0 12.0 4.5 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 35.0 45.0 55.0 25.0 35.0 45.0 25.0 32.5 (r = 0.75) CO2 mass % 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 GWP — 151 83 16 150 83 16 83 32 COP ratio % (relative 98.7 99.4 100.2 98.1 98.6 99.4 98.1 98.5 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 95.0 87.1 78.1 100.3 92.5 83.8 97.7 91.4 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 6.0 7.7 9.2 4.7 6.3 7.8 5.1 6.2

TABLE 57 4% CO₂ r = 0 Item Unit Com Ex474 Example295 Example296 Com Ex475 Com Ex476 Example297 Example298 Example299 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 mass % 56.0 46.0 36.0 26.0 56.0 46.0 36.0 26.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 (r = 0) CO2 mass % 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 GWP — 380 313 246 179 379 313 246 179 COP ratio % (relative 101 101.9 102.8 104.0 100.1 100.5 101.2 102.3 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 98.6 91.3 83.8 75.9 105.8 98.5 90.9 83.0 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 7.1 9.4 11.8 14.3 5.4 7.6 10.0 12.6 Item Unit Com Ex477 Com Ex478 Example300 Example301 Example302 Com Ex479 Com Ex480 Example303 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 20.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 40.0 40.0 R32 mass % 16.0 56.0 41.0 31.0 21.0 11.0 36.0 26.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 60.0 10.0 25.0 35.0 45.0 55.0 20.0 30.0 (r = 0) CO2 mass % 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 GWP — 112 379 279 212 145 78 245 178 COP ratio % (relative 103.5 99.0 99.5 100.2 101.2 102.5 98.6 99.3 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 74.7 112.6 101.6 93.8 85.7 77.1 104.4 96.4 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 15.0 3.6 6.8 9.2 11.8 14.2 5.9 8.4 Item Unit Example304 Com Ex481 Com Ex482 Example305 Example306 Com Ex483 Example307 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 40.0 40.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 60.0 60.0 R32 mass % 16.0 1.0 21.0 11.0 6.0 11.0 3.5 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 40.0 55.0 25.0 35.0 40.0 25.0 32.5 (r = 0) CO2 mass % 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 GWP — 111 10 144 77 43 76 26 COP ratio % (relative 100.3 102.4 98.6 99.5 100.1 98.5 99.2 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 88.0 74.4 98.6 90.0 85.5 96.2 89.4 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 10.9 14.2 7.5 10.0 11.1 7.9 9.6

TABLE 58 4% CO₂ r = 0.25 Item Unit Com Ex484 Example308 Example309 Com Ex485 Com Ex486 Example310 Example311 Example312 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 mass % 56.0 45.0 36.0 26.0 56.0 46.0 36.0 26.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 (r = 0.25) CO2 mass % 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 GWP   380 313 246 179 379 312 245 178 COP ratio % (relative 101.0 101.3 102.0 103.0 99.9 100.1 100.6 101.4 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 100.1 93.1 85.8 78.2 106.8 99.9 92.6 85.0 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 6.3 8.2 10.5 12.8 4.8 6.7 8.9 11.2 Item Unit Com Ex487 Com Ex488 Example313 Example314 Example315 Com Ex489 Com Ex490 Example316 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 20.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 40.0 40.0 R32 mass % 16.0 56.0 41.0 31.0 21.0 6.0 36.0 26.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 60.0 10.0 26.0 36.0 45.0 60.0 20.0 30.0 (r = 0.25) CO2 mass % 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 GWP   112 379 278 212 145 44 245 178 COP ratio % (relative 102.5 98.9 99.2 99.7 100.5 102.1 98.4 98.9 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 76.9 113.1 102.8 95.4 87.5 74.6 105.4 97.7 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 13.5 3.4 6.0 8.2 10.6 13.9 5.3 7.5 Item Unit Example317 Com Ex491 Com Ex492 Example318 Example319 Com Ex493 Example320 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 40.0 40.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 60.0 60.0 R32 mass % 16.0 1.0 21.0 11.0 5.0 11.0 3.5 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 40.0 55.0 25.0 35.0 40.0 25.0 32.5 (r = 0.25) CO2 mass % 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 GWP   111 10 144 77 43 76 26 COP ratio % (relative 99.7 101.2 98.2 99.0 99.5 98.2 98.8 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 89.6 75.3 99.8 91.4 87.0 97.3 90.6 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 9.8 12.9 6.8 9.0 10.1 7.2 8.8

TABLE 59 4% CO3 r = 0.5 Item Unit Com Ex494 Example321 Example322 Com Ex495 Com Ex496 Example323 Example324 Example325 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 mass % 56.0 46.0 36.0 21.0 56.0 46.0 36.0 26.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 30.0 40.0 50.0 65.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 (r = 0.5) CO2 mass % 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 GWP   380 313 246 145 379 312 245 178 COP ratio % (relative 101 100.8 101.3 102.5 99.7 99.8 100.1 100.7 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 101 94.9 87.9 76.4 107.7 101.3 94.4 86.9 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 5.5 7.1 9.1 12.3 4.3 5.9 7.7 9.8 Item Unit Com Ex477 Com Ex478 Example300 Example301 Example302 Com Ex479 Com Ex480 Example303 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 20.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 40.0 40.0 R32 mass % 16.0 56.0 41.0 31.0 21.0 6.0 36.0 26.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 60.0 10.0 25.0 35.0 45.0 60.0 20.0 30.0 (r = 0.5) CO2 mass % 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 GWP   111 379 278 211 144 44 244 177 COP ratio % (relative 101.6 98.8 98.9 99.2 99.8 101.3 98.2 98.5 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 78.9 113.6 104.0 96.9 89.3 76.6 106.3 99.0 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 12.0 3.1 5.3 7.2 9.3 12.4 4.8 6.7 Item Unit Example330 Com Ex501 Com Ex502 Example331 Example332 Com Ex503 Example333 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 40.0 40.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 60.0 60.0 R32 mass % 16.0 1.0 21.0 11.0 6.0 11.0 3.5 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 40.0 55.0 25.0 35.0 40.0 25.0 32.5 (r = 0.5) CO2 mass % 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 GWP   110 10 144 77 43 76 26 COP ratio % (relative 99.1 100.5 97.9 98.6 99.0 97.9 98.4 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 91.2 78.0 100.9 92.8 88.5 98.3 91.9 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 8.7 11.6 6.1 8.1 9.1 6.6 8.0

TABLE 60 4% CO₂ r = 0.75 Item Unit Com Ex504 Example334 Example335 Example336 Com Ex505 Com Ex506 Example337 Example338 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 mass % 56.0 46.0 35.0 26.0 16.0 56.0 46.0 36.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 (r = 0.75) CO2 mass % 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 GWP   379 312 245 178 111 379 312 245 COP ratio % (relative 100.3 100.4 100.6 101.2 102.1 99.4 99.4 99.6 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 102.8 96.7 89.9 82.5 74.4 108.7 102.7 96.1 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 4.7 6.0 7.7 9.8 11.9 3.8 5.0 6.6 Item Unit Example339 Com Ex507 Com Ex508 Example340 Example341 Example342 Com Ex509 Com Ex510 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 20.0 20.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 40.0 R32 mass % 26.0 11.0 56.0 41.0 31.0 21.0 1.0 36.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 50.0 65.0 10.0 25.0 35.0 45.0 65.0 20.0 (r = 0.75) CO2 mass % 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 GWP   178 77 379 278 211 144 10 244 COP ratio % (relative 100.0 101.2 98.7 98.6 98.8 99.2 100.9 98.0 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 88.8 76.7 114.1 105.1 98.4 91.0 73.6 107.3 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 8.5 11.6 2.9 4.7 6.2 8.1 11.9 4.3 Item Unit Example343 Example344 Example345 Com Ex511 Example346 Example347 Com Ex512 Examp1e348 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 40.0 40.0 40.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 60.0 60.0 R32 mass % 26.0 16.0 6.0 21.0 11.0 6.0 11.0 3.5 R1234 mass % 30.0 40.0 50.0 25.0 35.0 40.0 25.0 32.5 (ze + yf) (r = 0.75) CO2 mass % 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 GWP   177 110 43 143 76 43 76 26 COP ratio % (relative 98.1 98.6 99.4 97.7 98.2 98.5 97.6 98.1 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 100.3 92.7 84.3 101.9 94.1 89.9 99.3 93.1 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 5.8 7.7 9.6 5.4 7.2 8.1 5.9 7.2

TABLE 61 5% CO₂ r = 0 Item Unit Com Ex513 Example349 Example350 Com Ex514 Com Ex515 Example351 Example352 Example353 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 mass % 55.0 45.0 35.0 25.0 55.0 45.0 35.0 25.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 (r = 0) CO2 mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 GWP   373 306 239 173 373 306 239 172 COP ratio % (relative 101 101.5 102.5 103.7 99.7 100.1 100.9 101.9 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 100 92.8 85.2 77.3 107.3 100.0 92.4 84.5 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 7.7 10.1 12.7 15.3 5.9 8.2 10.8 13.5 Item Unit Com Ex516 Com Ex517 Example354 Example355 Example356 Com Ex518 Com Ex519 Example357 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 20.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 40.0 40.0 R32 mass % 15.0 55.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 35.0 25.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 60.0 10.0 25.0 35.0 46.0 55.0 20.0 30.0 (r = 0) CO2 mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 GWP   105 372 272 205 138 71 238 171 COP ratio % (relative 103.2 98.6 99.1 99.8 100.9 102.1 98.2 98.9 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 76.2 114.2 103.2 95.3 87.2 78.7 106.0 97.9 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 15.1 4.1 7.4 10.0 12.7 15.3 6.5 9.1 Item Unit Example358 Com Ex520 Com Ex521 Example359 Example360 Com Ex522 Example361 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 40.0 40.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 60.0 60.0 R32 mass % 15.0 0.0 20.0 10.0 5.0 10.0 2.5 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 40.0 55.0 25.0 35.0 40.0 25.0 32.5 (r = 0) CO2 mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 GWP   104 4 137 70 37 70 19 COP ratio % (relative 99.9 101.7 98.3 99.1 99.7 98.0 98.8 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 89.6 76.0 100.2 91.6 87.1 97.9 91.0 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 11.8 15.4 8.2 10.8 12.1 8.7 10.5

TABLE 62 5% CO₂ r = 0.25 Item Unit Com Ex523 Example362 Example363 Com Ex524 Com Ex525 Example364 Example365 Example366 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 mass % 55.0 45.0 35.0 20.0 55.0 45.0 35.0 25.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 30.0 40.0 50.0 65.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 (r = 0.25) CO2 mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 GWP   373 306 239 139 373 306 239 172 COP ratio % (relative 100.6 101.0 101.7 103.2 99.5 99.8 100.3 101.1 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 101.6 94.6 87.3 75.6 108.3 101.5 94.2 86.5 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 6.9 9.0 11.3 15.0 5.4 7.3 9.6 12.1 Item Unit Com Ex526 Com Ex527 Example367 Example368 Example369 Com Ex528 Com Ex529 Example370 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 20.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 40.0 40.0 R32 mass % 10.0 55.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 5.0 35.0 25.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 65.0 10.0 25.0 36.0 45.0 60.0 20.0 30.0 (r = 0.25) CO2 mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 GWP   71 372 272 205 138 37 238 171 COP ratio % (relative 102.8 98.5 98.8 99.3 100.1 101.8 98.0 98.5 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 74.0 114.7 104.4 96.9 89.4 76.2 107.0 99.3 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 15.7 3.8 6.6 8.9 11.4 15.0 5.9 8.2 Item Unit Example371 Example372 Com Ex530 Com Ex531 Example373 Example374 Com Ex532 Example375 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 40.0 40.0 40.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 60.0 60.0 R32 mass % 15.0 5.0 0.0 20.0 10.0 5.0 10.0 2.5 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 40.0 50.0 55.0 25.0 35.0 40.0 25.0 32.5 (r = 0.25) CO2 mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 GWP   104 37 3 137 70 37 70 19 COP ratio % (relative 99.3 100.3 100.8 97.8 98.6 99.1 97.7 92.3 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 91.2 82.5 77.9 101.4 93.0 88.7 98.9 92.3 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 10.7 18.1 14.2 7.6 9.9 11.1 8.0 9.7

TABLE 63 5% CO₂ r = 0.5 Item Unit Com Ex533 Example376 Example377 Com Ex534 Com Ex535 Example378 Example379 Example380 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 mass % 55.0 45.0 35.0 20.0 55.0 45.0 35.0 25.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 30.0 40.0 50.0 65.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 (r = 0.5) CO2 mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 GWP   373 306 239 138 373 306 239 172 COP ratio % (relative 100 100.5 100.9 102.2 99.3 99.4 99.7 100.3 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 103 96.4 89.4 77.9 109.3 102.9 95.9 88.5 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 6.0 7.8 9.9 13.4 4.8 6.5 8.4 10.7 Item Unit Com Ex536 Com Ex537 Example381 Example382 Example383 Com Ex538 Com Ex539 Example384 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 20.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 40.0 40.0 R32 mass % 10.0 55.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 5.0 35.0 25.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 65.0 10.0 25.0 35.0 45.0 60.0 20.0 30.0 (r = 0.5) CO2 mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 GWP   71 382 282 205 138 37 238 171 COP ratio % (relative 101.8 98.4 98.5 98.8 99.5 100.9 97.8 98.1 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 76.2 115.2 105.6 98.4 90.8 78.1 107.9 100.6 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 14.2 3.6 5.9 7.9 10.2 13.6 5.4 7.3 Item Unit Example385 Example386 Com Ex540 Example387 Example388 Com Ex541 Example389 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 40.0 40.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 60.0 60.0 R32 mass % 15.0 5.0 20.0 10.0 5.0 10.0 2.5 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 40.0 50.0 25.0 35.0 40.0 25.0 32.5 (r = 0.5) CO2 mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 GWP   104 37 137 70 36 69 19 COP ratio % (relative 98.7 99.6 97.5 98.2 98.6 97.4 98.0 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 92.8 94.3 102.5 94.4 90.1 100.0 93.6 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 9.6 11.8 6.8 9.0 10.1 7.4 8.9

TABLE 64 5% CO₂ r = 0.75 Item Unit Com Ex542 Example390 Example391 Example392 Com Ex543 Com Ex544 Example393 Example394 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 mass % 55.0 45.0 35.0 25.0 15.0 55.0 45.0 35.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 (r = 0.75) CO2 mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 GWP   373 306 239 172 105 372 305 238 COP ratio % (relative 100.0 100.0 100.3 100.9 101.8 99.1 99.1 99.2 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 104.4 98.2 91.3 84.0 75.9 110.2 104.2 97.6 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 5.3 6.7 8.5 10.7 13.0 4.3 5.6 7.3 Item Unit Com Ex395 Com Ex545 Com Ex546 Example396 Example397 Example398 Com Ex547 Example399 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 20.0 20.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 40.0 R32 mass % 25.0 5.0 55.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 35.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 50.0 70.0 10.0 25.0 35.0 45.0 55.0 20.0 (r = 0.75) CO2 mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 GWP   171 37 372 271 204 137 70 238 COP ratio % (relative 99.6 101.4 98.3 98.3 98.4 98.8 99.7 97.6 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 90.3 73.6 115.7 106.7 99.9 92.5 84.4 108.9 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 9.3 13.8 3.3 5.2 6.9 8.9 11.2 4.8 Item Unit Example400 Example401 Example402 Com Ex548 Example403 Example404 Com Ex549 Example405 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 40.0 40.0 40.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 60.0 60.0 R32 mass % 25.0 15.0 5.0 20.0 10.0 5.0 10.0 2.5 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 30.0 40.0 50.0 25.0 35.0 40.0 25.0 32.5 (r = 0.75) CO2 mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 GWP   171 104 36 137 70 36 69 19 COP ratio % (relative 97.7 98.2 99.0 97.2 97.8 98.1 97.2 97.7 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 101.9 94.3 85.9 103.5 95.8 91.6 101.0 94.8 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 6.5 8.5 10.6 6.1 9.1 9.1 6.7 8.1

TABLE 65 5.59% CO₂ r = 0 Item Unit Com Ex550 Example406 Example407 Com Ex551 Com Ex552 Example408 Example409 Example410 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 mass % 54.5 44.5 34.5 24.5 54.5 44.5 34.5 24.5 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 (r = 0) CO2 mass % 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 GWP   370 303 236 169 369 302 236 169 COP ratio % (relative 101 101.4 102.3 103.6 99.5 100.0 100.7 101.8 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 101 93.5 85.9 78.1 108.1 100.8 93.1 85.2 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 8.0 10.4 13.1 15.8 6.2 8.5 11.1 13.9 Item Unit Com Ex553 Com Ex554 Example411 Example412 Example413 Example414 Com Ex555 Com Ex556 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 20.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 3.0 30.0 30.0 40.0 R32 mass % 14.5 54.5 44.5 34.5 24.5 14.5 4.5 34.5 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 60.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 20.0 (r = 0) CO2 mass % 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 GWP   102 369 302 235 168 101 34 265 COP ratio % (relative 103.1 98.4 98.7 99.2 100.1 101.3 102.6 98.0 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 76.9 115.0 107.7 100.0 92.1 83.8 74.9 106.8 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 16.6 4.3 6.4 8.9 11.7 14.5 17.0 6.8 Item Unit Example415 Example416 Example417 Com Ex557 Example418 Example419 Com Ex558 Example420 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 40.0 40.0 40.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 60.0 60.0 R32 mass % 24.5 14.5 4.5 19.5 14.5 4.5 9.5 4.5 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 30.0 40.0 50.0 25.0 30.0 40.0 25.0 30.0 (r = 0) CO2 mass % 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 GWP   168 101 34 134 100 33 66 33 COP ratio % (relative 98.7 98.7 100.9 97.9 98.4 99.5 97.8 98.3 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 98.7 90.4 81.5 101.0 96.8 87.9 98.7 94.2 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 9.4 12.2 14.8 8.5 9.9 12.6 9.0 10.3

TABLE 66 5.5% CO₂ r = 0.25 Item Unit Com Ex559 Example421 Example422 Com Ex560 Com Ex561 Example423 Example424 Example425 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 mass % 54.0 44.0 34.0 19.0 54.0 44.0 34.0 24.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 30.0 40.0 50.0 65.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 (r = 0.25) CO2 mass % 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 GWP   366 299 232 132 366 299 232 165 COP ratio % (relative 100.3 100.7 101.4 103.0 99.1 99.4 99.9 100.8 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 103.1 96.1 88.8 77.1 109.9 103.0 95.7 88.0 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 7.5 9.6 12.1 16.0 5.9 7.9 10.3 12.9 Item Unit Com Ex562 Com Ex563 Example426 Example427 Example428 Example429 Com Ex564 Com Ex565 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 20.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 40.0 R32 mass % 9.0 54.0 44.0 34.0 24.0 14.0 0.0 34.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 65.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 64.0 20.0 (r = 0.25) CO2 mass % 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 GWP   65 365 298 232 165 98 4 231 COP ratio % (relative 102.5 98.1 98.3 98.6 99.3 100.3 101.8 97.6 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 75.6 116.3 109.5 102.2 94.6 86.5 74.0 108.5 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 16.9 4.3 6.1 8.4 10.9 13.6 17.1 6.5 Item Unit Example430 Example431 Example432 Com Ex566 Example433 Example434 Com Ex567 Example435 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 40.0 40.0 40.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 60.0 60.0 R32 mass % 24.0 14.0 24.0 14.0 4.0 4.0 14.0 4.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 30.0 40.0 50.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 20.0 30.0 (r = 0.25) CO2 mass % 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 GWP   164 97 30 164 97 30 96 29 COP ratio % (relative 98.1 98.9 100.0 97.1 97.8 98.7 96.9 97.7 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 100.9 92.8 84.2 107.0 98.9 90.3 104.8 96.3 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 8.9 11.5 14.1 6.9 9.4 12.0 7.5 10.0

TABLE 67 5.5% CO₂ r = 0.5 Item Unit Com Ex568 Example436 Example437 Example438 Com Ex569 Com Ex570 Example439 Example440 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 mass % 54.0 44.0 34.0 24.0 14.0 54.0 44.0 34.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 (r = 0.5) CO2 mass % 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 GWP   366 299 232 265 98 366 299 232 COP ratio % (relative 100 100.1 100.6 101.4 102.5 98.9 99.0 99.3 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 105 97.9 90.9 83.3 75.2 110.9 104.4 97.4 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 6.6 8.5 10.7 13.1 15.6 5.3 7.0 9.1 Item Unit Example441 Com Ex571 Com Ex572 Example442 Example443 Example444 Example445 Com Ex573 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 20.0 20.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 40.0 R32 mass % 24.0 9.0 54.0 44.0 34.0 24.0 14.0 34.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 50.0 65.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 20.0 (r = 0.5) CO2 mass % 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 GWP   165 64 365 29 231 164 97 231 COP ratio % (relative 100.0 101.5 98.0 98.1 98.3 98.7 99.6 97.4 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 90.0 77.7 116.8 110.5 103.6 96.2 88.4 109.5 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 11.5 15.3 4.0 5.6 7.5 9.7 12.2 5.9 Item Unit Example446 Example447 Example448 Com Ex574 Example449 Example450 Com Ex575 Example451 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 40.0 40.0 40.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 60.0 60.0 R32 mass % 15.0 5.0 5.0 24.0 14.0 4.0 14.0 4.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 39.0 49.0 50.0 20.0 3.0 40.0 20.0 30.0 (r = 0.5) CO2 mass % 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 GWP   104 37 37 164 94 30 96 29 COP ratio % (relative 98.3 99.2 99.6 96.9 97.4 98.2 96.7 97.4 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 95.2 86.8 84.3 107.9 100.2 91.8 105.7 97.4 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 10.1 12.6 11.8 6.4 8.6 11.0 7.0 9.3

TABLE 68 5.5% CO₂ r = 0.75 Item Unit Com Ex576 Example452 Example453 Example454 Com Ex577 Com Ex578 Example455 Example456 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 mass % 54.0 44.0 34.0 24.0 9.0 54.0 44.0 34.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 (r = 0.75) CO2 mass % 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 GWP   366 299 232 165 64 366 299 232 COP ratio % (relative 99.6 99.7 99.9 100.6 102.0 98.7 98.7 98.8 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 105.9 99.7 92.8 85.4 72.8 11.8 105.8 99.1 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 5.8 7.3 9.3 11.5 15.2 4.8 6.2 7.9 Item Unit Example457 Example458 Com Ex579 Com Ex580 Example459 Example460 Example461 Example462 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 20.0 20.0 20.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 R32 mass % 24.0 14.0 4.0 54.0 44.0 34.0 24.0 14.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 50.0 60.0 70.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 (r = 0.75) CO2 mass % 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 GWP   165 97 30 365 298 231 164 97 COP ratio % (relative 99.3 100.1 101.1 97.9 97.9 97.9 98.2 98.9 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 91.9 84.0 75.1 117.3 11.5 105.0 978 90.1 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 10.1 12.6 15.0 3.8 5.0 6.6 8.6 10.9 Item Unit Example463 Com Ex581 Example464 Example465 Example466 Com Ex582 Example467 Example468 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 30.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 R32 mass % 4.0 34.0 24.0 14.0 4.0 24.0 14.0 4.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 60.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 (r = 0.75) CO2 mass % 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 GWP   30 231 164 97 30 163 96 29 COP ratio % (relative 99.8 97.2 97.3 97.8 98.7 96.7 97.0 97.7 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 81.6 110.4 103.5 95.9 87.6 108.8 101.4 93.2 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 13.4 5.4 7.1 9.3 11.6 5.8 7.8 10.0 Item Unit Com Ex583 Example469 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 60.0 60.0 R32 mass % 14.0 4.0 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 20.0 30.0 (r = 0.75) CO2 mass % 6.0 6.0 GWP   96 29 COP ratio % (relative 96.5 97.0 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 106.5 98.6 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 6.5 8.5

TABLE 69 7.5% CO₂ r = 0 Item Unit Com Ex584 Example470 Example471 Com Ex585 Com Ex586 Example472 Example473 Example474 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 mass % 57.5 42.5 32.5 17.5 57.5 42.5 32.5 22.5 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 25.0 40.0 50.0 65.0 15.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 (r = 0) CO2 mass % 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 GWP   390 289 223 122 389 289 222 155 COP ratio % (relative 100 100.7 101.7 103.8 98.7 99.2 100.0 101.2 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 107 96.5 88.9 76.9 114.7 103.8 96.1 88.2 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 8.0 11.8 14.7 19.1 6.1 9.6 12.5 15.5 Item Unit Com Ex587 Com Ex588 Example475 Example476 Example477 Example478 Com Ex589 Com Ex590 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 20.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 40.0 R32 mass % 7.5 57.5 42.5 32.5 22.5 12.5 0.0 37.5 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 65.0 5.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 62.5 15.0 (r = 0) CO2 mass % 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 GWP   55 389 288 222 155 88 4 255 COP ratio % (relative 103.2 97.5 97.9 98.5 99.4 100.7 102.3 97.0 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 75.6 121.6 110.8 103.1 9.1 86.9 75.7 113.8 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 20.0 4.2 7.4 10.1 13.1 16.3 19.9 6.5 Item Unit Example479 Example480 Example481 Com Ex591 Example482 Example483 Com Ex592 Example484 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 40.0 40.0 40.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 60.0 R32 mass % 22.5 12.5 2.5 22.5 12.5 2.5 12.5 2.5 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 30.0 40.0 50.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 20.0 30.0 (r = 0) CO2 mass % 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 GWP   154 87 20 154 87 20 86 19 COP ratio % (relative 97.9 99.0 100.2 96.7 97.6 98.7 96.5 97.5 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 101.8 93.5 84.7 108.4 100.0 91.2 106.3 97.5 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 10.7 13.8 16.8 8.4 11.3 14.4 9.0 12.0

TABLE 70 7.5% CO₂ r = 0.25 Item Unit Com Ex593 Example485 Example486 Example487 Com Ex594 Com Ex595 Example488 Example489 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 mass % 57.5 42.5 32.5 22.5 12.5 57.5 42.5 32.5 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 25.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 15.0 30.0 40.0 (r = 0.25) CO2 mass % 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 GWP   390 289 222 155 88 389 289 222 COP ratio % (relative 99.6 100.2 100.9 102.0 103.2 98.5 98.9 99.4 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 108.7 98.4 91.0 83.4 75.1 115.5 105.3 98.0 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 7.3 10.6 13.2 16.1 18.9 5.7 8.7 11.3 Item Unit Example490 Com Ex596 Com Ex597 Example491 Example492 Example493 Example494 Com Ex598 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 20.0 20.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 40.0 R32 mass % 22.5 7.5 57.5 42.5 32.5 22.5 12.5 37.5 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 50.0 65.0 5.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 15.0 (r = 0.25) CO2 mass % 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 GWP   155 54 389 288 221 154 88 254 COP ratio % (relative 100.3 102.1 97.5 97.7 98.1 98.8 99.8 96.8 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 90.3 77.9 121.9 111.9 104.6 96.9 88.9 114.6 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 14.1 18.5 4.1 6.9 9.2 12.0 14.9 6.1 Item Unit Example495 Example496 Example497 Com Ex599 Example498 Example499 Com Ex600 Example500 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 40.0 40.0 40.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 60.0 60.0 R32 mass % 22.5 12.5 2.5 22.5 12.5 2.5 12.5 2.5 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 30.0 40.0 50.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 20.0 30.0 (r = 0.25) CO2 mass % 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 GWP   154 87 20 154 87 20 86 19 COP ratio % (relative 97.5 98.4 99.5 96.5 97.2 98.1 96.3 97.1 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 103.2 95.2 86.6 109.4 101.3 92.8 107.3 98.8 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 9.8 12.0 15.6 7.8 10.5 13.3 8.0 11.2

TABLE 71 7.5% CO₂ r = 0.5 Item Unit Com Ex601 Example501 Example502 Example503 Com Ex602 Com Ex603 Example504 Example505 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 mass % 57.5 42.5 32.5 22.5 12.5 57.5 42.5 32.5 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 25.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 15.0 30.0 40.0 (r = 0.5) CO2 mass % 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 GWP   390 289 222 155 88 389 289 222 COP ratio % (relative 99 99.6 100.1 101.0 102.1 98.3 98.5 98.8 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 110 100.2 93.1 85.6 77.5 116.2 106.7 99.7 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 6.6 9.4 11.8 14.5 17.3 5.3 7.9 10.1 Item Unit Example506 Example507 Com Ex604 Com Ex605 Example508 Example509 Example510 Example511 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 20.0 20.0 20.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 R32 mass % 22.5 12.5 2.5 57.5 42.5 32.5 22.5 12.5 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 50.0 60.0 70.0 5.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50..0 (r = 0.5) CO2 mass % 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 GWP   155 88 21 289 288 221 154 87 COP ratio % (relative 99.5 100.6 101.6 97.4 97.5 97.7 98.2 99.1 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 92.3 84.3 75.5 122.1 112.9 106.0 98.6 90.7 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 12.7 15.5 18.3 3.9 6.3 8.3 10.8 13.5 Item Unit Example512 Com Ex606 Example513 Example514 Example515 Com Ex607 Example516 Example517 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 30.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 R32 mass % 2.5 37.5 22.5 12.5 2.5 22.5 12.5 2.5 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 60.0 15.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 (r = 0.5) CO2 mass % 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 GWP   20 254 154 87 20 153 86 19 COP ratio % (relative 100.1 96.7 97.1 97.8 98.8 96.3 96.8 97.6 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 82.2 115.4 104.6 96.8 88.4 110.3 102.6 94.3 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 16.4 5.7 8.9 11.5 14.3 7.2 9.6 12.3 Item Unit Com Ex608 Example518 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 60.0 60.0 R32 mass % 12.5 2.5 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 20.0 30.0 (r = 0.5) CO2 mass % 7.5 7.5 GWP   86 19 COP ratio % (relative 96.0 96.8 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 108.2 100.0 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 7.9 10.5

TABLE 72 7.5% CO₂ r = 0.75 Item Unit Com Ex609 Example519 Example520 Example521 Com Ex610 Com Ex611 Example522 Example523 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 mass % 57.5 42.5 32.5 22.5 7.5 57.5 42.5 32.5 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 25.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 75.0 15.0 30.0 40.0 (r = 0.75) CO2 mass % 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 GWP   389 289 222 155 54 389 289 221 COP ratio % (relative 99.1 99.2 99.4 100.1 101.7 98.2 98.1 98.3 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 111.1 102.0 95.1 87.7 75.1 117.0 108.1 101.4 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 5.9 8.3 10.4 12.9 17.1 4.9 7.0 8.9 Item Unit Example524 Example525 Com Ex612 Com Ex613 Example526 Example527 Example528 Example529 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 20.0 20.0 20.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 R32 mass % 22.5 12.5 0.0 57.5 42.5 32.5 22.5 12.5 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 50.0 60.0 72.5 5.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 (r = 0.75) CO2 mass % 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 GWP   154 87 4 389 288 221 154 87 COP ratio % (relative 98.8 99.7 100.9 97.4 97.3 97.3 97.6 98.4 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 94.2 86.3 75.0 122.4 113.8 107.3 100.2 92.5 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 11.3 14.0 17.5 3.8 5.7 7.5 9.6 12.2 Item Unit Example530 Com Ex614 Example531 Example531 Example532 Com Ex615 Example533 Example534 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 30.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 R32 mass % 2.5 37.5 22.5 12.5 2.5 22.5 12.5 2.5 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 60.0 15.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 (r = 0.75) CO2 mass % 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 GWP   20 254 154 87 20 153 86 19 COP ratio % (relative 99.4 96.5 96.7 97.3 98.1 96.0 9.4 97.2 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 84.0 116.1 105.9 98.3 90.0 111.2 103.8 95.7 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 15.0 5.3 8.1 10.4 13.1 6.7 8.8 11.3 Item Unit Com Ex616 Example535 HFO-1132 (E) mass % 60.0 60.0 R32 mass % 12.5 2.5 R1234 (ze + yf) mass % 20.0 30.0 (r = 0.75) CO2 mass % 7.5 7.5 GWP   86 19 COP ratio % (relative 95.8 96.4 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 109.0 101.1 Capacity Ratio to R410A) Condensation Glide ° C. 7.4 9.7

DESCRIPTION OF THE REFERENCE NUMERALS

-   1: Sample cell -   2: High-speed camera -   3: Xenon lamp -   4: Collimating lens -   5: Collimating lens -   6: Ring filter 

1. A composition comprising a refrigerant, the refrigerant comprising trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), difluoromethane (R32), 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234ze), and carbon dioxide (CO₂).
 2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein in the refrigerant, when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, and CO₂ based on their sum is respectively represented by x, y, z, and a, (1) if 0<a≤0.4, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234ze is (100−a) mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines LL′, L′M, MN, NO, OK, KH, and HL that connect 7 points, i.e., points L, L′, M, N, O, K, and H, or on the straight lines LL′, L′M, MN, NO, OK, and KH (excluding the points L and H): point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point O (−0.0095a+28.914, 0.0095a+51.586, −a+19.5), point K (−2.5a+1.0, −0.25a+51.5, 1.75a+47.5), and point H (0.1667a²−4.5667a+67.6, 0.0, −0.1667a²+3.5667a+32.4), (2) if 0.4≤a≤7.5, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagram are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines LL′, L′M, MN, NO, OB″, B″K′, K′H, and HL that connect 8 points, i.e., points L, L′, M, N, O, B″, K′, and H, or on the straight lines LL′, L′M, MN, NO, OB″, and K′H (excluding the points L, B″, K′, and H), and if 0.4≤a≤1.0, the 8 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point O (−0.0095a+28.914, 0.0095a+51.586, −a+19.5), point B″ (0.0, 51.4, −a+48.6), point K′ (0.0, −3.0a+52.6, 2.0a+47.4), and point H (0.1667a²−4.5667a+67.6, 0.0, −0.1667a²+3.5667a+32.4), if 1.0<a≤3.0, the 8 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+36.679, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point O (−0.0095a+28.914, 0.0095a+51.586, −a+19.5), point B″ (0.0, 51.4, −a+48.6), point K′ (0, −2.9a+52.5, 1.9a+47.5), and point H (0.05a²−4.55a+67.7, 0.0, −0.05a²+3.55a+32.3), if 3.0<a≤5.0, the 8 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point O (−0.0095a+28.914, 0.0095a+51.586, −a+19.5), point B″ (0.0, 51.4, −a+48.6), point K′ (0, −2.9a+52.5, 1.9a+47.5), and point H (0.05a²−4.55a+67.7, 0.0, −0.05a²+3.55a+32.3), or if 5.0<a≤7.5, the 8 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point O (−0.0095a+28.914, 0.0095a+51.586, −a+19.5), point B″ (0.0, 51.4, −a+48.6), point K′ (0, −2.8286a+52.105, 1.8286a+47.895), and point H (0.02a²−4.21a+66.75, 0.0, −0.02a²+3.21a+33.25).
 3. The composition according to claim 1, wherein in the refrigerant, when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, and CO₂ based on their sum is respectively represented by x, y, z, and a, (1) if 0<a≤5.5, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234ze is (100−a) mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines LL′, L′M, MN, NJ, JH, and HL that connect 6 points, i.e., points L, L′, M, N, J, and H, or on the straight lines LL′, L′M, MN, NJ, and JH (excluding the points L and H), and if 0<a≤1.0, the 6 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point J (−0.3333a²−3.3667a+20.3, 36.6, 0.3333a²+2.3667a+43), and point H (0.1667a²−4.5667a+67.6, 0.0, −0.1667a²+3.5667a+32.4), if 1.0<a≤3.0, the 6 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point J (0.05a²−3.95a+20.5, 0.05a²−0.25a+36.8, −0.1a²+3.2a+42.7), and point H (0.05a²−4.55a+67.7, 0.0, −0.05a²+3.55a+32.3), if 3.0<a≤5.0, the 6 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point J (0.05a²−4.05a+20.8, 36.5, −0.05a²+3.05a+42.7), and point H (0.05a²−4.55a+67.7, 0.0, −0.05a²+3.55a+32.3), or if 5.0<a≤5.5, the 6 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point J (−3.6a+19.8, 36.5, 2.6a+43.7), and point H (0.02a²−4.21a+66.75, 0.0, −0.02a²+3.21a+33.25), (2) if 5.5<a≤7.5, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagram are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines LL′, L′M, MN, NB′, B′K′, K′H, and HL that connect 7 points, i.e., points L, L′, M, N, B′, K′, and H, or on the straight lines LL′, L′M, MN, NB′, K′H, and HL (excluding the points L, B′, K′, and H): point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point N (−0.0175a+35.721, 0.0175a+36.679, −a+27.6), point B′ (0.0, 36.5, −a+63.5), point K′ (0.0, −2.8286a+52.105, 1.8281a+47.895), and point H (0.02a²−4.21a+66.75, 0.0, −0.02a²+3.21a+33.25).
 4. The composition according to claim 1, wherein in the refrigerant, when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, and CO₂ based on their sum is respectively represented by x, y, z, and a, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234ze is (100−a) mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines LL′, L′M, MI, IH, and HL that connect 5 points, i.e., points L, L′, M, I, and H, or on the straight lines LL′, L′M, MI, and IH (excluding the points L and H), and if 0<a≤1.0, the 5 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point I (−0.1667a²−3.9333a+44.2, 18.1, 0.1667a²+2.9333a+37.7), and point H (0.1667a²−4.5667a+67.6, 0.0, −0.1667a²+3.5667a+32.4), if 1.0<a≤3.0, the 5 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point I (0.05a²−4.25a+44.3, 18.1, −0.05a²+3.25a+37.6), and point H (0.05a²−4.55a+67.7, 0.0, −0.05a²+3.55a+32.3), if 3.0<a≤5.0, the 5 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point I (−0.05a²−3.45a+42.8, 0.05a²−0.45a+19.0, 2.9a+38.2), and point H (0.05a²−4.55a+67.7, 0.0, −0.05a²+3.55a+32.3), or if 5.0<a≤7.5, the 5 points are the following: point L (72.0, 0.0, −a+28.0), point L′ (57.2, 10.0, −a+32.8), point M (−0.019a+48.618, 0.019a+18.082, −a+33.3), point I (0.1a²−4.85a+46.05, −0.02a²+0.21a+17.45, −0.08a²+3.64a+36.5), and point H (0.02a²−4.21a+66.75, 0.0, −0.02a²+3.21a+33.25).
 5. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant further comprises 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf).
 6. The composition according to claim 5, wherein in the refrigerant, when the mass % of HFO-1132(E) is x, the mass % of R32 is y, the mass % of the sum of R1234ze and R1234yf is z, and the mass % of CO₂ is a based on the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, R1234yf, and CO₂, if r=R1234yf/(R1234ze+R1234yf), and 0.1<r<1.0, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram having HFO-1132(E) as a first vertex, R32 as a second vertex, and the sum of 1234ze and R1234yf as a third vertex in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, and R1234yf is (100−a) mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines L_(r)L′_(r), L′_(r)M_(r), M_(r)N_(r), N_(r)O_(r), O_(r)B″_(r), B″_(r)K′_(r), K′_(r)H_(r), and H_(r)L_(r) that connect 8 points, i.e., points L_(r), L′_(r), M_(r), N_(r), O_(r), B″_(r), K′_(r), and H_(r), or on the straight lines L_(r)L′_(r), L′_(r)M_(r), M_(r)N_(r), N_(r)O_(r), O_(r)B″_(r), and K′_(r)H_(r) (excluding the points L_(r), B″_(r), K′_(r), and H_(r)), and if 0<a≤1.0, the 8 points are the following: point L_(r) (72.0, 0.0, 28.0−a), point L′_(r) (57.2, 10.0, 32.8−a), point M_(r) (48.6, −0.2778r²+0.4167r+18.061, 51.4−a−y), point N_(r) (35.7, −0.2778r²+0.4167r+36.661, 51.4−a−y), point O_(r) (28.9, −0.2222r²−0.1333r+51.611, 71.1−a−y), point B″_(r) (0.0, (0.463a²−0.1852a−0.2778)r²+(−0.6945a²+0.2778a+0.4167)r+(0.2317a²−0.0927a+51.361), 51.4−a−y), point K′_(r) (0.0, (0.3705a²−0.1482a−0.6667)r²+(−0.2217a²+0.0887a−11.6)r+(0.0183a²−3.0073a+52.567), 100−a−y), and point H_(r) ((2.4072a²−2.0739a−0.8889)r²+(−2.2779a²+1.5779a−8.4667)r+(0.0392a²−4.5732a+67.656), 0.0, 100−a−x), if 1.0<a≤3.0, the 8 points are the following: point L_(r) (72.0, 0.0, 28.0−a), point L′_(r) (57.2, 10.0, 32.8−a), point M_(r) (48.6, (−0.1389a²+0.6945a−0.8334)r²+(0.2084a²−1.0418a+1.2501)r+(−0.0695a²+0.3475a+17.783), 51.4−a−y), point N_(r) (35.7, −0.2778r²+0.4167r+36.661, 51.4−a−y), point O_(r) (28.9, (0.25a²−1.25a+1.2222)r²+(−0.275a²+1.375a−1.2333)r+(0.025a²−0.125a+51.711), 71.1−y−a), point B″_(r) (0.0, (0.25a²−1.0278a+0.7778)r²+(−0.275a²+1.2419a−0.9668)r+(0.075a²−0.364a+51.789), 100−a−y), point K′_(r) (0.0, (0.16667a²+0.2222a−0.8333)r²+(−0.3495a²+0.3645a−11.748)r+(0.1335a²−3.2395a+52.684), 100−a−y), and point H_(r)((−0.25003a²+0.8613a−1.1669)r²+(0.275a²−1.3914a−8.0502)r+(0.0245a²−4.4175a+67.515), 0.0, 100−a−x), if 3.0<a≤5.0, the 8 points are the following: point L_(r) (72.0, 0.0, 28.0−a), point L′_(r) (57.2, 10.0, 32.8−a), point M_(r) (48.6, 18.2, 33.2−a), point N_(r) (35.7, (−0.1389a²+1.2501a−2.778)r²+(0.2084a²−1.8752a+4.167)r+(−0.0695a²+0.6255a+35.41), 51.4−a−y), point O_(r) (28.9, (0.1389a²−0.9723a+1.389)r²+(−0.2083a²+1.4585a−2.0845)r+(0.0695a²−0.4865a+52.395), 71.1−a−y), point B″_(r) (0.0, −0.0556r²+0.2833r+51.372, 100−a−y), point K′_(r) (0.0, (0.77775a²−6.2775a+13.166)r²+(−0.9665a²+8.0155a−29.148)r+(0.189a²−4.54a+56.086), 100−a−y), and point H_(r) ((−0.72215a²+6.3327a−13.332)r²+(0.6835a²−6.3015a+3.003)r+(0.039a²−4.434a+67.434), 0.0, 100−x−a), or if 5.0<a≤7.5, the 8 points are the following: point L_(r) (72.0, 0.0, 28.0−a), point L′_(r) (57.2, 10.0, 32.8−a), point M_(r) (48.6, (0.0592a²−0.6512a+1.776)r²+(−0.0355a²+0.3901a−1.062)r+(0.0029a²−0.0323a+18.29), 51.4−a−y), point N_(r) (35.7, 36.8, 27.5−a), point O_(r) (28.9, 51.7, 19.4−a), point B″_(r) (0.0, −0.0556r²+0.2833r+51.372, 100−a−y), point K′_(r) (0.0, (0.10373a²−0.9189a+3.2232)r²+(−0.1285a²+1.2799a−16.419)r+(0.0252a²−3.1662a+53.312), 100−a−y), and point H_(r)((0.037a²−0.1293a−0.0008)r²+(−0.056a²+0.2a−11.017)r+(0.0719a²−4.8515a+68.7), 0.0, 100−a−x).
 7. The composition according to claim 6, wherein in the refrigerant, when the mass % of HFO-1132(E) is x, the mass % of R32 is y, the mass % of the sum of R1234ze and R1234yf is z, and the mass % of CO₂ is a based on the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, R1234yf, and CO₂, if r=R1234yf/(R1234ze+R1234yf), and 0.1<r<1.0, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram having HFO-1132(E) as a first vertex, R32 as a second vertex, and the sum of 1234ze and R1234yf as a third vertex in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, R1234ze, and R1234yf is (100−a) mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines L_(r)L′_(r), L′_(r)M_(r), M_(r)I_(r), I_(r)H_(r), and H_(r)L_(r) that connect 5 points, i.e., points L_(r), L′_(r), M_(r), I_(r), and H_(r), or on the straight lines L_(r)L′_(r), L′_(r)M_(r), M_(r)I_(r), and I_(r)H_(r), and if 0<a≤1.0, the 5 points are the following: point L_(r) (72.0, 0.0, 28.0−a), point L′_(r) (57.2, 10.0, 32.8−a), point M_(r) (48.6, −0.2778r²+0.4167r+18.061, 51.4−a−y), point I_(r) ((1.1576a²−0.3243a−2.1111)r²+(−0.9a²−0.35a−10.233)r+(−0.255a²−3.828a+44.244), 100−a−x−z, (1.1572a²+0.3239a+1.8889)r²+(0.9042a²+0.3458a+10.367)r+(0.2525a²+2.8315a+37.644)), and point H_(r) ((2.4072a²−2.0739a−0.8889)r²+(−2.2779a²+1.5779a−8.4667)r+(0.0392a²−4.5732a+67.656), 0.0, 100−a−x), if 1.0<a≤3.0, the 5 points are the following: point L_(r) (72.0, 0.0, 28.0−a), point L′_(r) (57.2, 10.0, 32.8−a), point M_(r) (48.6, (−0.1389a²+0.6945a−0.8334)r²+(0.2084a²−1.0418a+1.2501)r+(−0.0695a²+0.3475a+17.783), 51.4−a−y), point I_(r) ((−0.08337a²+0.8057a−2.0001)r²+(−0.0745a²−0.6105a−10.798)r+(0.108a²−4.346a+44.399), 100−a−x−z, (0.33337a²−1.5557a+2.2779)r²+(−0.225a²+1.508a+10.334)r+(−0.033a²+3.121a+37.64)), and point H_(r) ((−0.25003a²+0.8613a−1.1669)r²+(0.275a²−1.3914a−8.0502)r+(0.0245a²−4.4175a+67.515), 0.0, 100−a−x), if 3.0<a≤5.0, the 5 points are the following: point L_(r) (72.0, 0.0, 28.0−a), point L′_(r) (57.2, 10.0, 32.8−a), point M_(r) (48.6, 18.2, 31.2−a), point I_(r) ((−0.05554a²+0.8332a−2.3331)r²+(−0.2165a²+1.2485a−15.097)r+(0.1715a²−5.2775a+46.622), 100−a−x−z, (0.0556a²−0.8329a+2.6103)r²+(0.1915a²−1.0235a+14.18)r+(−0.1715a²+4.2775a+35.417)), and point H_(r)((−0.72215a²+6.3327a−13.332)r²+(0.6835a²−6.3015a+3.003)r+(0.039a²−4.434a+67.434), 0.0, 100−a−x), or if 5.0<a≤7.5, the 5 points are the following: point L_(r) (72.0, 0.0, 28.0−a), point L′_(r) (57.2, 10.0, 32.8−a), point M_(r) (48.6, (0.0592a²−0.6512a+1.776)r²+(−0.0355a²+0.3901a−1.062)r+(0.0029a²−0.0323a+18.29), 51.4−a−y), point I_(r) ((0.19254a²−1.8957a+5.1093)r²+(−0.3156a²+3.3386a−23.07)r+(0.1097a²−4.9961a+46.759), 100−a−x−z, (−0.0074a²−0.4187a+2.1117)r²+(0.0379a²+0.1335a+12.236)r+(−0.0571a²+3.3777a+37.055)), and point H_(r)((0.037a²−0.1293a−0.0008)r²+(−0.056a²+0.2a−11.017)r+(0.0719a²−4.8515a+68.7), 0.0, 100−x−a).
 8. The composition according to claim 1, for use as a working fluid for a refrigerating machine, wherein the composition further comprises a refrigeration oil.
 9. The composition according to claim 1, for use as an alternative refrigerant for R410A.
 10. Use of the composition according to claim 1 as an alternative refrigerant for R410A.
 11. A refrigerating machine comprising the composition according to claim 1 as a working fluid.
 12. A method for operating a refrigerating machine, comprising circulating the composition according to claim 1 as a working fluid in a refrigerating machine. 